ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization2015
A comparative analysis of national HIV policies in six African countries with generalized epidemics.
Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2020Pooled it
- Magnitude and causes of first-line antiretroviral therapy regimen changes among HIV patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Delivering Prevention Interventions to People Living with HIV in Clinical Care Settings: Results of a Cluster Randomized Trial in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2016Trial
- Malaria illness mediated by anaemia lessens cognitive development in younger Ugandan children.Malaria journal · 2016Trial
- To what extent is equity entrenched in HIV/AIDS-related policy documents in Ethiopia? A policy content analysis.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
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- A qualitative analysis of factors influencing the implementation of antiretroviral treatment adherence policy in Ghana: stakeholders perspective.Health research policy and systems · 2023Article
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- Improving WHO's understanding of WHO guideline uptake and use in Member States: a scoping review.Health research policy and systems · 2022Article
- Association between Blood Pressure and HIV Status in Rural Uganda: Results of Cross-Sectional Analysis.Global heart · 2021Article
- Influence of evolving HIV treatment guidance on CD4 counts and viral load monitoring: A mixed-methods study in three African countries.Global public health · 2021Article
- Strengthening health policy development and management systems in low- and middle- income countries: South Africa's approach.Health policy OPEN · 2020Article
- The temporalities of policymaking: The case of HIV test-and-treat policy adoption in Zimbabwe.Health & place · 2020Article
- Partner Notification: A Community Viewpoint.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Implementing prevention policies for mother-to-child transmission of HIV in rural Malawi, South Africa and United Republic of Tanzania, 2013-2016.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2019Article
- Are treatment supporters relevant in long-term Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) adherence? Experiences from a long-term ART cohort in Uganda.Global public health · 2019Article
- HIV virologic failure and its predictors among HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in the African Cohort Study.PloS one · 2019Article
- A longitudinal review of national HIV policy and progress made in health facility implementation in Eastern Zimbabwe.Health research policy and systems · 2018Article
- Improved Retention With 6-Month Clinic Return Intervals for Stable Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Zambia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 10 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare national human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) policies influencing access to HIV testing and treatment services in six sub-Saharan African countries.
methodsWe reviewed HIV policies as part of a multi-country study on adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. A policy extraction tool was developed and used to review national HIV policy documents and guidelines published in Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zimbabwe between 2003 and 2013. Key informant interviews helped to fill gaps in findings. National policies were categorized according to whether they explicitly or implicitly adhered to 54 policy indicators, identified through literature and expert reviews. We also compared the national policies with World Health Organization (WHO) guidance.
findingsThere was wide variation in policies between countries; each country was progressive in some areas and not in others. Malawi was particularly advanced in promoting rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy. However, no country had a consistently enabling policy context expected to increase access to care and prevent attrition. Countries went beyond WHO guidance in certain areas and key informants reported that practice often surpassed policy.
conclusionEvaluating the impact of policy differences on access to care and health outcomes among people living with HIV is challenging. Certain policies will exert more influence than others and official policies are not always implemented. Future research should assess the extent of policy implementation and link these findings with HIV outcomes.
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