Trial reportEpidemiology and infection2016
Influenza-attributable burden in United Kingdom primary care.
Trial report in Epidemiology and infection, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cost of Seasonal Influenza: A Systematic Literature Review on the Humanistic and Economic Burden of Influenza in Older (≥ 65 Years Old) Adults.Advances in therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Increasing Influenza Vaccination Rates in People With Chronic Illness.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Pooled it
- Article
- Influenza Activity and Preterm Birth in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area: A Time-Series Analysis from 2010 to 2017.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Combinations of multiple long term conditions and risk of hospital admission or death during winter 2021-22 in England: population based cohort study.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- A comparative study of influenza surveillance systems and administrative data in England during the 2022-2023 season.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Forecasting influenza hospital admissions within English sub-regions using hierarchical generalised additive models.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- The burden of influenza and the role of influenza vaccination in adults aged 50-64 years: A summary of available evidence.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Review
- Fluctuations in emergency department visits related to acute otitis media are associated with extreme meteorological conditions.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Educational Interventions to Reduce Prescription and Dispensing of Antibiotics in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Economic Impact.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Influenza risk groups in Norway by education and employment status.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2022Article
- The impact of clinical risk conditions on influenza and pneumonia diagnoses in England: a nationally representative retrospective cohort study, 2010-2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Incidence of medically attended influenza and influenza virus infections confirmed by serology in Ningbo City from 2017-2018 to 2019-2020.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- Estimation of influenza-attributable burden in primary care from season 2014/2015 to 2018/2019, France.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2021Article
- Association between Influenza Vaccine Administration and Primary Care Consultations for Respiratory Infections: Sentinel Network Study of Five Seasons (2014/2015-2018/2019) in the UK.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Burden of influenza in Romania. A retrospective analysis of 2014/15 - 2018/19 seasons in Romania.Germs · 2020Article
- Effect of Pediatric Influenza Vaccination on Antibiotic Resistance, England and Wales.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Observational
- Estimation of influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-attributable medically attended acute respiratory infections in Germany, 2010/11-2017/18.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Article
- Developing influenza and respiratory syncytial virus activity thresholds for syndromic surveillance in England.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza is rarely laboratory-confirmed and the outpatient influenza burden is rarely studied due to a lack of suitable data. We used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and surveillance data from Public Health England in a linear regression model to assess the number of persons consulting UK general practitioners (GP episodes) for respiratory illness, otitis media and antibiotic prescriptions attributable to influenza during 14 seasons, 1995-2009. In CPRD we ascertained influenza vaccination status in each season and risk status (conditions associated with severe influenza outcomes). Seasonal mean estimates of influenza-attributable GP episodes in the UK were 857 996 for respiratory disease including 68 777 for otitis media, with wide inter-seasonal variability. In an average season, 2·4%/0·5% of children aged <5 years and 1·3%/0·1% of seniors aged ⩾75 years had a GP episode for respiratory illness attributed to influenza A/B. Two-thirds of influenza-attributable GP episodes were estimated to result in prescription of antibiotics. These estimates are substantially greater than those derived from clinically reported influenza-like illness in surveillance programmes. Because health service costs of influenza are largely borne in general practice, these are important findings for cost-benefit assessment of influenza vaccination programmes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.