ReviewCytokine2015
Origin and functions of pro-inflammatory cytokine producing Foxp3+ regulatory T cells.
Review in Cytokine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- Enrichment ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Understanding the Mechanistic Connection between Dysbiosis and Polyamine Regulation in Oral and Intestinal Inflammation- Role of Tregs and Th17 Cells.Journal of cellular immunology · 2026Article
- IL-6 amplifies corneal transplant alloimmunity by inducing dysfunctional IFN-γ- secreting Treg through the VEGFA-VEGFR1 axis.Transplant immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- The role of probiotics in promoting systemic immune tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunology in corneal transplantation-From homeostasis to graft rejection.Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.) · 2025Review
- Histone Modifications and DNA Methylation in Psoriasis: A Cellular Perspective.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinoma: a narrative review.Translational cancer research · 2024Review
- Regulatory T cells modulate monocyte functions in immunocompetent antiretroviral therapy naive HIV-1 infected people.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells promote allograft survival by suppressing regulatory T cell dysfunction in high-risk corneal transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2024Article
- CRIF1 deficiency induces FOXP3Science advances · 2024Article
- Association of different cell types and inflammation in early acne vulgaris.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Neuroimmune cell interactions and chronic infections in oral cancers.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- An interferon gamma response signature links myocardial aging and immunosenescence.Cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- Impaired Regulation by IL-35 in Systemic Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Proanthocyanidins: A novel approach to Henoch‑Schonlein purpura through balancing immunity and arresting oxidative stress via TLR4/MyD88/NF‑κB signaling pathway (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Acute Downregulation but Not Genetic Ablation of Murine MCU Impairs Suppressive Capacity of Regulatory CD4 T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory Microparticles Epigenetically Modulate T Cells and Systemically Ameliorate Autoimmune Arthritis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Comprehensive Insight into Lichen Planus Immunopathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory cells (Tregs) are a special lineage of cells central in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, and are targeted for human immunotherapy. They are conventionally associated with the production of classical anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, TGF-β and IL-35, consistent to their anti-inflammatory functions. However, emerging evidence show that they also express effector cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-17A under inflammatory conditions. While some studies reveal that these pro-inflammatory cytokine producing Foxp3(+) regulatory cells retain their suppressive ability, others believe that these cells are dys-regulated and are associated with perpetuation of immunopathology. Therefore the development of these cells may challenge the efficacy of human Treg therapy. Mechanistically, toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and the pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu have been shown to play important roles in the induction of effector cytokines in Tregs. Here we review the mechanisms of development and the possible functions of pro-inflammatory cytokine producing Foxp3+ Tregs.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.