ReviewExpert review of anti-infective therapy2015
Between a bug and a hard place: Trypanosoma cruzi genetic diversity and the clinical outcomes of Chagas disease.
Review in Expert review of anti-infective therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- In vitro susceptibility of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (DTUs) to benznidazole: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Increased mortality attributed to Chagas disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Profiling of euphane and tirucallane triterpenes fromPharmaceutical biology · 2026Article
- Vampire bats in Belize harbor multiple Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes: Implications for parasite transmission at the wildlife-domestic-human interface.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Genomic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi clinical isolates: a retrospective analysis.The Lancet. Microbe · 2026Article
- Long-Term Parasitological Clearance and Cardiac Progression inTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Trypanosoma cruzi DTU parasite diversity and clinical outcomes in mesoregions of the Northeast Brazilian State of Pernambuco.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Towards new care strategies in a suburban healthcare center in La Matanza, Argentina: performance evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests for Chagas disease in a non-endemic area.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Deep Sequencing of mHVRs for Trypanosoma cruzi Genotyping.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The Role of Immunogenetics in the Host-Parasite Interaction of Chagas Disease: Implications for Personalized Medicine.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Trypanosoma Cruzi Lineages Shape Macrophage Cytokine Profiles in Single and Mixed Infections.Parasite immunology · 2025Article
- Trypanosoma cruzi DTU TcI disproportionately associated with fatal T. cruzi myocarditis in dogs in Texas, USA.Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports · 2025Article
- Antitrypanosomal therapy for Chagas disease: A single center experience with adverse drug reactions and strategies for enhancing treatment completion.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Coinfection by multipleMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- An algorithm for annotation and classification of T. cruzi MASP sequences: towards a better understanding of the parasite genetic variability.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Understanding Host-Pathogen Interactions in Congenital Chagas Disease Through Transcriptomic Approaches.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- In Vivo Imaging of Cardiac Attachment of TcI and TcII Variants ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Network Analysis of Pathogenesis Markers in Murine Chagas Disease Under Antimicrobial Treatment.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Circulating extracellular vesicles in sera of chronic patients as a method for determining active parasitism in Chagas disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Over the last 30 years, concomitant with successful transnational disease control programs across Latin America, Chagas disease has expanded from a neglected, endemic parasitic infection of the rural poor to an urbanized chronic disease, and now a potentially emergent global health problem. Trypanosoma cruzi infection has a highly variable clinical course, ranging from complete absence of symptoms to severe and often fatal cardiovascular and/or gastrointestinal manifestations. To date, few correlates of clinical disease progression have been identified. Elucidating a putative role for T. cruzi strain diversity in Chagas disease pathogenesis is complicated by the scarcity of parasites in clinical specimens and the limitations of our contemporary genotyping techniques. This article systematically reviews the historical literature, given our current understanding of parasite genetic diversity, to evaluate the evidence for any association between T. cruzi genotype and chronic clinical outcome, risk of congenital transmission or reactivation and orally transmitted outbreaks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.