Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26161556›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Noroviruses among Adults in an Endemic Setting, Peruvian Amazon Basin, 2004-2011.

Sarah-Blythe Ballard, Erik J Reaves, C Giannina Luna, Maria E Silva, Claudio Rocha, Kristen Heitzinger, Mayuko Saito, Sonia Apaza, Susan Espetia, David L Blazes and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Article
  10. Tropical and travel-associated norovirus: current concepts.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2015
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Sarah-Blythe BallardDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Emerging Infectious Diseases Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
Erik J ReavesEmerging Infectious Diseases Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
C Giannina LunaEmerging Infectious Diseases Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
Maria E SilvaEmerging Infectious Diseases Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
Claudio RochaBacteriology Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
Kristen HeitzingerBacteriology Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America.
Mayuko SaitoDepartment of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollamiento, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Sonia ApazaLaboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollamiento, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Susan EspetiaLaboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollamiento, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
David L BlazesDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
Drake H TilleyBacteriology Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru.
Rene C Guzmán AguilarPoliclínico Militar de Chorrillos, Chorrillos, Peru.
Robert H GilmanDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America; Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru.
Daniel G BauschEmerging Infectious Diseases Department, United States Medical Research Unit No. 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
Naval Medical Research Unit Six · PEUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia · PEJohns Hopkins University · USPrisma · PETohoku University · JPUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · US

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K007467/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSuccessful vaccination strategies against norovirus will require understanding the burden of disease and relevant genotypes in populations. However, few data are available from cohort studies of adults living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). MATERIALS AND

methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study within a Peruvian military cohort to characterize the burden of norovirus infection, predominant genotypes, and associated symptoms from 2004 through 2011. Randomly selected case and control stools were tested for norovirus, bacteria, and parasites. The odds ratio of the association between norovirus infection and diarrhea was estimated using multiple logistic regression and co-infection adjusted attributable fractions were calculated.

resultsOf the 3,818 cohort study participants, 624 developed diarrhea. Overall and norovirus-associated diarrhea incidence rates were 42.3 and 6.0 per 100 person-years, respectively. The most prevalent norovirus genogroup was GII (72.5%, 29/40), which was associated with diarrhea (AOR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.3-8.7, P = 0.012). The co-infection adjusted GII attributable fraction was 6.4%. DISCUSSION: Norovirus was a frequent cause of diarrhea in an adult population followed longitudinally in an LMIC setting. Vaccine strategies should consider targeting adults in endemic settings and special populations that could serve as community transmission sources.

Indexed as

Endemic DiseasesAdolescentAdultAnimalsBacterial InfectionsCaliciviridae InfectionsCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCoinfectionComorbidityDiarrheaFecesGenotypeHumansIncidenceLogistic Models

Identifiers

PMID26161556
PMCPMC4498765
OpenAlexW810375283

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.