ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2015
Prevalence of persistent microalbuminuria and associated factors among HIV infected children attending a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania: a cross sectional, analytical study.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microalbuminuria among HIV/AIDS patients in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among young people living with HIV in Sub Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictors of kidney dysfunction among people living with HIV in Tanzania.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Microalbuminuria in Perinatally HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Prevalence of microalbuminuria and associated factors among HIV - infected ART naïve patients at Mulago hospital: a cross-sectional study in Uganda.BMC nephrology · 2020Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with renal dysfunction in children admitted to two hospitals in northwestern Tanzania.BMC nephrology · 2019Article
- Prevalence of risk factors for chronic kidney disease in South African youth with perinatally acquired HIV.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Article
- HIV-Associated Nephropathy in Africa: Pathology, Clinical Presentation and Strategy for Prevention.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2018Review
- Prevalence of Asymptomatic Microalbuminuria in HIV Positive Children in India.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2017Observational
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a significant cause of paediatric morbidity and mortality especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. It affects the kidney by injuring the glomerular and tubular epithelial cells causing leakage of albumin in urine. Microalbuminuria is known to be an early indicator of kidney injury including HIVAN. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with microalbuminuria among HIV infected children receiving care and treatment at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC).
methodsWe conducted a cross sectional hospital based analytical study at KCMC from December 2012 to April 2013. It involved children who are HIV infected attending child centred family care clinics (CCFCC). Patients' demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted from the file; physical examination performed. Urine samples were analysed for by HemoCue Albumin 201 system analyzer. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 was be used to process and analyze the data.
resultsThree hundred thirty HIV-infected children under 18 years were recruited during the study period. Mean age was 119.4 (5-218) months. Prevalence of microalbuminuria by using HemoCue Albumin 201 analyzer was 28.8% (n = 95). Presence of microalbuminuria was significantly associated with severity of HIV disease progression according to WHO disease stage (p = 0.0015) and CD4 count less than 350 cells/µL (p = 0.044).
conclusionThe study has shown that microalbuminuria is common in HIV infected children. Early screening and treatment of microalbuminuria is important to minimize the risk of developing end stage kidney disease. Children with advanced HIV disease and those with CD4 count less than 350 cells/µL should be given priority for urinary albumin screening in a setting without routine screening for microalbuminuria.
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