ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2015
Racial Differences in BRAF/KRAS Mutation Rates and Survival in Stage III Colon Cancer Patients.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Old tale new admirers, cetuximab maintenance in metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Racial disparities in colorectal cancer clinicopathological and molecular tumor characteristics: a systematic review.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Artificial Intelligence-Guided Analysis of WNT Pathway Alterations: Associations with Genomic Burden and Survival Across African American and Non-Hispanic White Populations, Age Groups, and FOLFOX Treatment in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Serrated polyps in the colorectum: clinical significance and future directions.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Colorectal Cancer: Differential Gene Expression and In Vitro Response to 5-Fluorouracil, Novel Fluoropyrimidine F10, and Potential Synergy with Lupeol.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Translational Research Program in Cancer Differences across Populations.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Black-White disparities across the colorectal cancer care continuum in the USA.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Analysis of Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders with Early Onset Colorectal Cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2025Article
- Association of genetic ancestry with molecular tumor profiles in colorectal cancer.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival Among People With Second Primary Cancer in the US.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Molecular profiling of colorectal cancer in a genetically admixed Hispanic population.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to plot colorectal cancer-related gut microbiota in a population with varied geography.Gut pathogens · 2022Article
- Clinical Significance of Somatic Mutations in RAS/RAF/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Moroccan and North African Colorectal Cancer Patients.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in colorectal cancer survival: contributions of prognostic factors in a large Australian cohort.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2022Article
- American Indian/Alaska Native and black colon cancer patients have poorer cause-specific survival based on disease stage and anatomic site of diagnosis.Cancer epidemiology · 2022Article
- Investigation of Microbial Translocation,Cancers · 2022Article
- Predictors of Incident Serrated Polyps: Results from a Large Multicenter Clinical Trial.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is unknown if, after controlling for clinicopathologic variables and treatment, racial disparities in colon cancer outcomes persist. Molecular marker analysis in North American patients comparing Asians with other races has not been reported.
methodsBRAF (V600E) and KRAS mutations were analyzed in node-positive colon cancer patients (n = 3305) treated with FOLFOX-based chemotherapy in an adjuvant trial (Alliance N0147). Race categories included Asian, black, or white. Cox models were used to estimate disease-free survival (DFS) and time to recurrence (TTR). All statistical tests were two-sided.
resultsBRAF mutation frequency in tumors from whites (13.9%) was twice that of tumors from Asians or blacks. KRAS mutation rates were highest in tumors from blacks (44.1%). KRAS/BRAF wild-type tumors were most common among Asians (66.7%) (P overall < .001). The prognostic impact of race differed by age and N stage (both P interaction < .02). Compared with whites, blacks had shorter DFS among patients younger than age 50 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73 to 4.66) or with N1 disease (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.29), independent of BRAF, KRAS, and other covariates. Findings were consistent using TTR as the outcome. Asians had longer DFS among N2 tumors that was partly mediated by less frequent BRAF mutation.
conclusionsColon cancers from Asians have a lower rate of BRAF and KRAS mutations than blacks or whites. We report a novel interaction of race with age and N stage in node-positive disease, indicating that racial disparities in survival persist despite uniform stage and treatment in a phase III trial.
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