ArticleOncotarget2015
Halofuginone inhibits colorectal cancer growth through suppression of Akt/mTORC1 signaling and glucose metabolism.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Significance of the Metabolic Marker Hexokinase-2 in Various Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Glucose Metabolism Regulating Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression.Cancer science · 2026Review
- NRF2 as a ferroptosis gatekeeper in colorectal cancer: implications for therapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- New uses of halofuginone to treat cancer.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- The Pentose Phosphate Pathway: From Mechanisms to Implications for Gastrointestinal Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Therapeutic Effects of Bioactive Compounds on Colorectal Cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway: A Critical Review.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Natural Products and Derivatives Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Targeting the Warburg effect: A revisited perspective from molecular mechanisms to traditional and innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- DWN12088, A Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor, Alleviates Hepatic Injury in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Article
- Phytochemicals targeting glycolysis in colorectal cancer therapy: effects and mechanisms of action.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Targeting Glucose Metabolism Enzymes in Cancer Treatment: Current and Emerging Strategies.Cancers · 2022Review
- CRNDE silencing promotes apoptosis and enhances cisplatin sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the Akt/mTORC1-mediated Warburg effect.Oncology letters · 2022Article
- TBK1 Facilitates GLUT1-Dependent Glucose Consumption by suppressing mTORC1 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Progression.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Article
- Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers From the Metabolomics Perspective.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Cell death mechanisms induced by synergistic effects of halofuginone and artemisinin in colorectal cancer cells.International journal of medical sciences · 2022Article
- Halofuginone, a promising drug for treatment of pulmonary hypertension.British journal of pharmacology · 2021Article
- A systems pharmacology approach based on oncogenic signalling pathways to determine the mechanisms of action of natural products in breast cancer from transcriptome data.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2021Article
- Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer: An emerging therapeutic opportunity for personalized medicine.Genes & diseases · 2021Review
- Baicalein and Baicalin Promote Melanoma Apoptosis and Senescence via Metabolic Inhibition.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Article
- Anticancer activities of phytoconstituents and their liposomal targeting strategies against tumor cells and the microenvironment.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Akt/mTORC1 pathway plays a central role in the activation of Warburg effect in cancer. Here, we present for the first time that halofuginone (HF) treatment inhibits colorectal cancer (CRC) growth both in vitro and in vivo through regulation of Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Halofuginone treatment of human CRC cells inhibited cell proliferation, induced the generation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. As expected, reduced level of NADPH was also observed, at least in part due to inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in pentose phosphate pathway upon HF treatment. Given these findings, we further investigated metabolic regulation of HF through Akt/mTORC1-mediated aerobic glycolysis and found that HF downregulated Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Moreover, metabolomics delineated the slower rates in both glycolytic flux and glucose-derived tricarboxylic acid cycle flux. Meanwhile, both glucose transporter GLUT1 and hexokinase-2 in glycolysis were suppressed in CRC cells upon HF treatment, to support our notion that HF regulates Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway to dampen glucose uptake and glycolysis in CRC cells. Furthermore, HF retarded tumor growth in nude mice inoculated with HCT116 cells, showing the anticancer activity of HF through metabolic regulation of Akt/mTORC1 in CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.