ArticleGenome research2015
Genome specialization and decay of the strangles pathogen, Streptococcus equi, is driven by persistent infection.
Article in Genome research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of a screening protocol employed at a UK rescue centre to prevent introduction of strangles.Equine veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Unwelcome neighbours: Tracking the transmission of Streptococcus equi in the United Kingdom horse population.Equine veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Identifying Pathoadaptation inACS sensors · 2026Article
- Review: Genomic insights into the adaptive traits and stress resistance in modern horses.Stress biology · 2026Review
- Closing the Stable Door on Strangles: Serological Responses of Vaccinated Horses on a Farm Following the Arrival of a New Horse.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Progressive evolution ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Geographic diversity of theFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Social wasp-associated Tsukamurella sp. strains showed promising biosynthetic and bioactive potential for discovery of novel compounds.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genetic analysis based on next generation sequencing of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi isolated from horses imported into Japan.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2024Article
- Review
- Repeated Emergence of Variant TetR Family Regulator, FarR, and Increased Resistance to Antimicrobial Unsaturated Fatty Acid among Clonal Complex 5 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Molecular Features and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities ofVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Conservation of vaccine antigen sequences encoded by sequenced strains of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi.Equine veterinary journal · 2023Article
- Complete genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of three donkeyFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Differences in the Accessory Genomes and Methylomes of Strains of Streptococcus equi subsp.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in guttural pouch lavage samples using a loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification microfluidic device.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2021Article
- Comparative in silico genome analysis of Clostridium perfringens unravels stable phylogroups with different genome characteristics and pathogenic potential.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Globetrotting strangles: the unbridled national and international transmission ofMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- Article
- "Gene accordions" cause genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity in clonal populations of Staphylococcus aureus.Nature communications · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Strangles, the most frequently diagnosed infectious disease of horses worldwide, is caused by Streptococcus equi. Despite its prevalence, the global diversity and mechanisms underlying the evolution of S. equi as a host-restricted pathogen remain poorly understood. Here, we define the global population structure of this important pathogen and reveal a population replacement in the late 19th or early 20th Century. Our data reveal a dynamic genome that continues to mutate and decay, but also to amplify and acquire genes despite the organism having lost its natural competence and become host-restricted. The lifestyle of S. equi within the horse is defined by short-term acute disease, strangles, followed by long-term infection. Population analysis reveals evidence of convergent evolution in isolates from post-acute disease samples as a result of niche adaptation to persistent infection within a host. Mutations that lead to metabolic streamlining and the loss of virulence determinants are more frequently found in persistent isolates, suggesting that the pathogenic potential of S. equi reduces as a consequence of long-term residency within the horse post-acute disease. An example of this is the deletion of the equibactin siderophore locus that is associated with iron acquisition, which occurs exclusively in persistent isolates, and renders S. equi significantly less able to cause acute disease in the natural host. We identify several loci that may similarly be required for the full virulence of S. equi, directing future research toward the development of new vaccines against this host-restricted pathogen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.