Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26157325›Full record

ArticleChinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu2015

Presentation delay in breast cancer patients and its association with sociodemographic factors in North Pakistan.

Muhammad Aleem Khan, Sheharyar Hanif, Sundas Iqbal, Muhammad Faheem Shahzad, Sehrish Shafique, Muhammad Taha Khan

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Muhammad Aleem Khan1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Sheharyar Hanif1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Sundas Iqbal1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Muhammad Faheem Shahzad1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Sehrish Shafique1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Muhammad Taha Khan1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 2 Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Medical University, Kemari Campus, Karachi, Pakistan ; 3 Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ; 4 Department of Physiology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan ; 5 Nuffield Brentwood Hospital, Brentwood, Essex, UK.
Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences · PKArmed Forces Institute of Pathology · PKBrentwood Hospital · USNational Institute of Health · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is strong evidence that delayed diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with poor survival. The objectives were to determine the frequency of breast cancer patients with delayed presentation, the reasons of delay and its association with different socio-demographic variables in our settings.

methodsWe interviewed 315 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients. Delay was defined as more than 3 months from appearance of symptoms to the consultation from doctor. Questions were asked from each patient which could reflect their understanding about the disease and which could be the likely reasons for their delayed presentation.

resultsA total of 39.01% (n=123) of patients presented late and out of those, 40.7% wasted time using alternative medicines; 25.2% were not having enough resources; 17.1% presented late due to painless lump; 10.6% felt shyness and 6.5% presented late due to other reasons. Higher age, negative family history, <8 school years of education and low to middle socio-economic status were significantly associated with delayed presentation (P<0.05). Education and socioeconomic status were two independent variables related to the delayed presentation after adjustment for others [odds ratios (OR) of 2.26, 2.29 and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was 1.25-4.10, 1.06-4.94 respectively].

conclusionsSignificant percentage of women with breast cancer in North Pakistan is experiencing presentation delay due to their misconceptions about the disease. Coordinated efforts with public health department are needed to educate the focused groups and mitigating the barriers identified in the study. Long term impact will be reduced overall burden of the disease in the region.

Indexed as

Breast cancerdelayed diagnosissurvival

Identifiers

PMID26157325
PMCPMC4490192
OpenAlexW2210459343

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.