SynthesisClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Long-term Virological Outcomes of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV-1 in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- High HIV viral suppression among adults receiving WHO-recommended first-line dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of programmatic evidence.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Acquired HIV drug resistance mutations on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: Systematic review and Bayesian evidence synthesis.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- Public availability of HIV-1 drug resistance sequence and treatment data: a systematic review.The Lancet. Microbe · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Protease Inhibitor/Nucleos(t)ide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Second-line Antiretroviral Therapy for the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Pooled it
- HIV-1 drug resistance before initiation or re-initiation of first-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of frequency of clinic visits and medication pick-up on antiretroviral treatment outcomes: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Pooled it
- Pooled it
- "The one who doesn't take ART medication has no wealth at all and no purpose on Earth" - a qualitative assessment of how HIV-positive adults in Uganda understand the health and wealth-related benefits of ART.BMC public health · 2022Trial
- Habit formation in support of antiretroviral medication adherence in clinic-enrolled HIV-infected adults: a qualitative assessment using free-listing and unstructured interviewing in Kampala, Uganda.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Trial
- Two-way mobile phone intervention compared with standard-of-care adherence support after second-line antiretroviral therapy failure: a multinational, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Digital health · 2019Trial
- Multicentre analysis of second-line antiretroviral treatment in HIV-infected children: adolescents at high risk of failure.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Trial
- Viral suppression status and associated factors among key populations on ART in Western Oromia, Ethiopia: a retrospective analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- INSTIs-centered antiviral regimens for first-line treatment of HIV/AIDS: a network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Continuity of care during severe civil unrest with a model of community-based HIV care: a retrospective cohort study from Haiti.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Brief communication: The rate of switching from first-line to second-line antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Aden City, Yemen.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Optimising HIV drug resistance testing laboratory networks in Kenya: insights from systems engineering modelling.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Social networks and HIV treatment adherence among people with HIV initiating treatment in rural Uganda and peri-urban South Africa.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Healthcare Provider Perspectives on HIV Cure Research in Ghana.AIDS research and treatment · 2023Article
- Multilevel Analysis of Individual and Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with Viral Suppression Among Adults with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMore than 11.7 million people are currently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and focused efforts are needed to ensure high levels of adherence and to minimize treatment failure. Recently, international targets have emphasized the importance of long-term virological suppression as a key measure of program performance.
methodsWe systematically reviewed publications and conference abstracts published between January 2006 and May 2013 that reported virological outcomes among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected adults receiving first-line ART for up to 5 years in LMICs. Summary estimates of virological suppression after 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months of ART were analyzed using random-effects meta-analysis. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis assumed all participants who were lost to follow-up, died, or stopped ART as having virological failure.
resultsSummary estimates of virological suppression remained >80% for up to 60 months of ART for all 184 included cohorts. ITT analysis yielded 74.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.2-77.2) suppression after 6 months and 61.8% (95% CI, 44.0-79.7) suppression after 48 months on ART. Switches to second-line ART were reported scarcely.
conclusionsAmong individuals retained on ART, virological suppression rates during the first 5 years of ART were high (>80%) and stable. Suppression rates in ITT analysis declined during 4 years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.