ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2015
Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interventions for preventing weight gain after smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Determinants of smoking related weight-concern in smokers participating in a community-based cessation program.Eating behaviors · 2023Trial
- Behavioral activation for smoking cessation and the prevention of smoking cessation-related weight gain: A randomized trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- Predictive utility of subtyping women smokers on depression, eating, and weight-related symptoms.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2019Trial
- Reducing nicotine exposure results in weight gain in smokers randomised to very low nicotine content cigarettes.Tobacco control · 2017Trial
- Positive association between serum calcium-phosphorus ratio and kidney stone prevalence: Analysis of NHANES data (2007-2020).Medicine · 2026Article
- Post-Cessation Weight Gain Across Smoking Cessation Therapies: A Review of Secondary Analyses from the ZESCA, EVITA, and E3 Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Associations of smoking status and leisure-time physical activity with waist circumference change-10-year follow-up among twin adults.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- Association between daily alcohol intake and hypertension prevalence: evidence from the 2007-2018 NHANES database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Association between serum osmolality and chronic kidney disease prevalence: Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between blood lead levels and constipation in adults: insights from NHANES data (2005-2010).BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Association between triglyceride levels and rheumatoid arthritis prevalence in women: a cross-sectional study of NHANES (1999-2018).BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Brain-wide pleiotropy investigation of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking behaviors.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Association of moisture intake and constipation among us adults: evidence from NHANES 2005-2010.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Daily sodium intake and constipation in US adult males: an uncommon negative association revealed by national health and nutrition examination survey data from the United States (2005-2010).BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Exploring Disparities for Obesity in Korea Using Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort Analysis With Cross-Classified Random Effect Models.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Article
- Association between weight gain following smoking cessation and development of hypertension in the future.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- "Healthier health in more ways than one": Perspectives on a program for changing both smoking and obesity-related health behaviors.Eating behaviors · 2024Article
- Development and Evaluation of a Health Behavior Change Clinic in Primary Care: An Interdisciplinary Partnership.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2023Article
- Weighing cessation: Rising adiposity of current smokers in NHANES.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesWeight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit. SUBJECTS/
methodsIn all, 12,204 adults ⩾36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.
resultsMean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5 versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ⩾25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.
conclusionsIn a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (⩾25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.
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