Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26155041›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology2015

Most Patients of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in India Present Late for Interferon-Based Antiviral Treatment: An Epidemiological Study of 777 Patients from a North Indian Tertiary Care Center.

Varun Gupta, Ashish Kumar, Praveen Sharma, Naresh Bansal, Vikas Singla, Anil Arora

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Varun GuptaDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Ashish KumarDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Praveen SharmaDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Naresh BansalDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Vikas SinglaDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Anil AroraDepartment of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInterferon-based antiviral therapy is offered only to those HCV patients who have either chronic hepatitis or early cirrhosis. Advanced cirrhotics do not tolerate interferon-based therapy. Since HCV is asymptomatic in early stages and usually presents late, the eligibility for interferon-based therapy is thus limited. There are scarce studies from India, which looked specifically the eligibility of interferon-based therapy in HCV patients.

aimTo study the spectrum of presentation of HCV infection, determine their eligibility for interferon-based therapy, and follow for SVR.

methodsThe records of all consecutive patients of HCV, >14 years age, who presented to our department between 2008 and 2014, were analyzed for categorization into chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with detectable HCV RNA who have chronic hepatitis or Child A cirrhosis were considered eligible for Peg-interferon and ribavirin. Patients who received treatment were followed for SVR.

results777 patients (median age 49 [range 15-95] years, males 69%) were included. Cirrhosis was the most common presentation (56%, 439/777) followed by chronic hepatitis (37%, 287/777) and HCC (7%, 51/777). Of patients who had cirrhosis (including those with HCC), 36% (174/490) were Child A; 51% (250/490) were Child B and 14% (66/490) were Child C. Only 347/777 (45%) were eligible for Peg-interferon-alpha and Ribavirin. Among the remaining 430 patients, in 326 (76%) the disease was far too advanced. Of eligible patients only 54% actually received Peg-interferon-alpha and Ribavirin and 81% patients could complete the course. Of them only 70% could achieve SVR.

conclusionsMost HCV patients in India present late and only about 45% are eligible for Interferon-based antiviral treatment. At presentation 56% patients already have cirrhosis and 7% have HCC. Since HCV is usually asymptomatic in early stages, awareness about screening should be increased so that more patients are diagnosed early before they develop cirrhosis or HCC.

Indexed as

AFP, AlphafetoproteinALT, Alanine aminotransferaseANA, Antinuclear antibodyBCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancerchronic liver diseasecirrhosisDAA, Directly acting agentsepidemiologyFNAC, Fine needle aspiration cytologyHBV, Hepatitis B virusHCC, Hepatocellular carcinomaHCV, Hepatitis C virushepatitis Chepatocellular carcinomaHIV, Human immunodeficiency virusPCR, Polymerase chain reactionPEG-IFN, Pegylated InterferonRBV, RibavirinRNA, Ribonucleic acidSMA, Smooth Muscle AntibodySVR, Sustained virological responseWHO, World health organization

Identifiers

PMID26155041
PMCPMC4491643
OpenAlexW1678525951

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.