ArticlePloS one2015
Prevalence and Mechanisms of Dynamic Chemical Defenses in Tropical Sponges.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigations of the Evolved Molecular Basis for Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Marine Sponges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Unlocking Antimicrobial Peptides from Marine Invertebrates: A Comprehensive Review of Antimicrobial Discovery.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Aquatic Invertebrate Antimicrobial Peptides in the Fight Against Aquaculture Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Acorn ant exhibits age-dependent induced defence in response to parasitic raids.Biology letters · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Marine-Derived Compounds as Potent Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents: A Comprehensive Review.Marine drugs · 2024Review
- Impact of Marine Chemical Ecology Research on the Discovery and Development of New Pharmaceuticals.Marine drugs · 2023Review
- Sponge holobionts shift their prokaryotic communities and antimicrobial activity from shallow to lower mesophotic depths.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2022Article
- Volatile Organic Compounds, Indole, and Biogenic Amines Assessment in Two Mediterranean Irciniidae (Porifera, Demospongiae).Marine drugs · 2021Article
- Insights into phosphatase-activated chemical defense in a marine sponge holobiont.RSC chemical biology · 2021Article
- Ecological and Pharmacological Activities of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) from the Indonesian Marine SpongeMarine drugs · 2021Article
- A Soft Spot for Chemistry-Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution.Marine drugs · 2021Review
- Colonization history meets further niche processes: how the identity of founders modulates the way predation structure fouling communities.Oecologia · 2021Article
- Article
- Opisthobranch grazing results in mobilisation of spherulous cells and re-allocation of secondary metabolites in the sponge Aplysina aerophoba.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial dysfunction for the initiation of apoptotic cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells by a cyclic dipeptide Cyclo(-Pro-Tyr).Molecular biology reports · 2020Article
- Coral and Coral-Associated Microorganisms: A Prolific Source of Potential Bioactive Natural Products.Marine drugs · 2019Review
- Review
- Sponge chemical defenses are a possible mechanism for increasing sponge abundance on reefs in Zanzibar.PloS one · 2018Article
- Determination of the Halogenated Skeleton Constituents of the Marine Demosponge Ianthella basta.Marine drugs · 2017Article
- In Search of Alternative Antibiotic Drugs: Quorum-Quenching Activity in Sponges and their Bacterial Isolates.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Sponges and other sessile invertebrates are lacking behavioural escape or defense mechanisms and rely therefore on morphological or chemical defenses. Studies from terrestrial systems and marine algae demonstrated facultative defenses like induction and activation to be common, suggesting that sessile marine organisms also evolved mechanisms to increase the efficiency of their chemical defense. However, inducible defenses in sponges have not been investigated so far and studies on activated defenses are rare. We investigated whether tropical sponge species induce defenses in response to artificial predation and whether wounding triggers defense activation. Additionally, we tested if these mechanisms are also used to boost antimicrobial activity to avoid bacterial infection. Laboratory experiments with eight pacific sponge species showed that 87% of the tested species were chemically defended. Two species, Stylissa massa and Melophlus sarasinorum, induced defenses in response to simulated predation, which is the first demonstration of induced antipredatory defenses in marine sponges. One species, M. sarasinorum, also showed activated defense in response to wounding. Interestingly, 50% of the tested sponge species demonstrated induced antimicrobial defense. Simulated predation increased the antimicrobial defenses in Aplysinella sp., Cacospongia sp., M. sarasinorum, and S. massa. Our results suggest that wounding selects for induced antimicrobial defenses to protect sponges from pathogens that could otherwise invade the sponge tissue via feeding scars.
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