ArticlePloS one2015
An Exploration Based Cognitive Bias Test for Mice: Effects of Handling Method and Stereotypic Behaviour.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- On the importance of including both sexes in animal studies - insights from home-cage monitoring.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Characterisation of a touchscreen-based task for assessing cognitive judgement bias in mice: a new translational tool for affective state disorder drug screening.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Effects of enrichment removal on cognitive judgement bias of mice: a comparison of two paradigms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Optimistic and pessimistic cognitive judgement bias modulates the stress response and cancer progression in zebrafish.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Are lateralized and bold fish optimistic or pessimistic?Animal cognition · 2024Article
- A bespoke water T-maze apparatus and protocol: an optimized, reliable, and repeatable method for screening learning, memory, and executive functioning in laboratory mice.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2024Article
- Decreased levels of discomfort in repeatedly handled mice during experimental procedures, assessed by facial expressions.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Behavioral and Physiologic Effects of Dirty Bedding Exposure in Female ICR Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2022Article
- Application of Cognitive Bias Testing in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Mini-Review Based on Animal Studies.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
- Development of an IntelliCage-based cognitive bias test for mice.Open research Europe · 2022Article
- Using touchscreen-delivered cognitive assessments to address the principles of the 3Rs in behavioral sciences.Lab animal · 2021Review
- The impact of handling technique and handling frequency on laboratory mouse welfare is sex-specific.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Mechanisms of recognition in birds and social Hymenoptera: from detection to information processing.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Welfare-improving enrichments greatly reduce hens' startle responses, despite little change in judgment bias.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Positive and negative contexts predict duration of pig vocalisations.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Measuring affect-related cognitive bias: Do mice in opposite affective states react differently to negative and positive stimuli?PloS one · 2019Article
- Evidence for Right-Sided Horses Being More Optimistic than Left-Sided Horses.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2018Article
- Optimising reliability of mouse performance in behavioural testing: the major role of non-aversive handling.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Effect of Cage-Induced Stereotypies on Measures of Affective State and Recurrent Perseveration in CD-1 and C57BL/6 Mice.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Behavioural tests to assess affective states are widely used in human research and have recently been extended to animals. These tests assume that affective state influences cognitive processing, and that animals in a negative affective state interpret ambiguous information as expecting a negative outcome (displaying a negative cognitive bias). Most of these tests however, require long discrimination training. The aim of the study was to validate an exploration based cognitive bias test, using two different handling methods, as previous studies have shown that standard tail handling of mice increases physiological and behavioural measures of anxiety compared to cupped handling. Therefore, we hypothesised that tail handled mice would display a negative cognitive bias. We handled 28 female CD-1 mice for 16 weeks using either tail handling or cupped handling. The mice were then trained in an eight arm radial maze, where two adjacent arms predicted a positive outcome (darkness and food), while the two opposite arms predicted a negative outcome (no food, white noise and light). After six days of training, the mice were also given access to the four previously unavailable intermediate ambiguous arms of the radial maze and tested for cognitive bias. We were unable to validate this test, as mice from both handling groups displayed a similar pattern of exploration. Furthermore, we examined whether maze exploration is affected by the expression of stereotypic behaviour in the home cage. Mice with higher levels of stereotypic behaviour spent more time in positive arms and avoided ambiguous arms, displaying a negative cognitive bias. While this test needs further validation, our results indicate that it may allow the assessment of affective state in mice with minimal training-a major confound in current cognitive bias paradigms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.