ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015
Irrigation Water Quality for Leafy Crops: A Perspective of Risks and Potential Solutions.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Metagenomic insights into postbiotic-mediated modulation of strawberry surface microbiome and metabolic activity.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Microbial Contamination Risks From Adjacent and Nearby Land: Evidence and Implications for Produce Safety.Journal of food science · 2026Review
- Microbial Quality of Leafy Greens Grown Under Soilless Production Systems.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Quantitative Risk Assessment Model forFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Emerging Technologies and Integrated Strategies for Microbial Detection and Control in Fresh Produce.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Risk assessment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 along the farm-to-fork fresh-cut romaine lettuce supply chain.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatial patterns of water quality and remote sensing indices from UAV-based multispectral imagery across an irrigation pond.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Cultivation to consumption: strengthening bacterial safety in plant-based nutraceuticals.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Centriflaken: An automated data analysis pipeline for assembly and in silico analyses of foodborne pathogens from metagenomic samples.PloS one · 2025Article
- Bacterial community in fresh fruits and vegetables sold in streets and open-air markets of Dakar, Senegal.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- A metagenomic assessment of bacterial community in spices sold open-air markets in Saint-Louis, Senegal.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Critical Review of Risk Assessment Models forFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Microbial food safety of lettuce produced under irrigated wastewater from Onyasia River in Ghana.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Fresh Produce as a Potential Vector and Reservoir for Human Bacterial Pathogens: Revealing the Ambiguity of Interaction and Transmission.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Mapping the global, regional, and national burden of diarrheal diseases attributable to unsafe water.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Fecal Contamination in the Wastewater Irrigation System and its Health Threat to Wastewater-Based Farming Households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
- Precision metagenomics sequencing for food safety: hybrid assembly of Shiga toxin-producingFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Lettuce Contamination and Survival ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Using agent-based modeling to compare corrective actions for Listeria contamination in produce packinghouses.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of the contribution of irrigation water in the contamination of produce leading to subsequent outbreaks of foodborne illness. This is a particular risk in the production of leafy vegetables that will be eaten raw without cooking. Retailers selling leafy vegetables are increasingly targeting zero-risk production systems and the associated requirements for irrigation water quality have become more stringent in regulations and quality assurance schemes (QAS) followed by growers. Growers can identify water sources that are contaminated with potential pathogens through a monitoring regime and only use water free of pathogens, but the low prevalence of pathogens makes the use of faecal indicators, particularly E. coli, a more practical approach. Where growers have to utilise water sources of moderate quality, they can reduce the risk of contamination of the edible portion of the crop (i.e., the leaves) by treating irrigation water before use through physical or chemical disinfection systems, or avoid contact between the leaves and irrigation water through the use of drip or furrow irrigation, or the use of hydroponic growing systems. This study gives an overview of the main problems in the production of leafy vegetables associated with irrigation water, including microbial risk and difficulties in water monitoring, compliance with evolving regulations and quality standards, and summarises the current alternatives available for growers to reduce microbial risks.
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