ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2015
Estimating T-cell repertoire diversity: limitations of classical estimators and a new approach.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Myocardial Immune Cells: The Basis of Cardiac Immunology.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Pooled it
- High peripheral T cell diversity is associated with lower risk of toxicity and superior response to dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Analysis of the Whole CDR3 T Cell Receptor Repertoire after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in 2 Clinical Cohorts.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2020Trial
- T cell immunomonitoring: a comparative analysis of traditional and novel methods to quantify and characterize human antigen-specific T cells.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- The Thymic Microenvironment Shapes Age-Related Qualitative Changes in the TCR Repertoire.Aging cell · 2026Article
- DTCR: generating realistic, diverse, and epitope-specific T cell receptor sequences via a discrete diffusion model.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- The T Cell Receptor: Molecular Sensor, Therapeutic Mediator and Probabilistic Driver of Adaptive Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- TCRbeta1/TCRbeta2 (TRBC1/TRBC2) antibody pair for determining T-cell monotypia as a surrogate for clonality in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material.Journal of clinical pathology · 2026Article
- Vascular Immune Remodeling: A CD4Aging cell · 2026Article
- Decoding adaptive immunity: advanced strategies in T and B cell repertoire analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Stable global repertoire architecture masks short-term clonal remodeling in intratumoral TCR repertoires.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The T-cell receptor repertoire of wild mice.Discovery immunology · 2026Article
- Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine promotes CD8Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- ESPEC-SUIT: a versatile and robust platform to identify and track antigen-specific T cell receptors in patients with cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- IL-15 Complex Enhances Agonistic Anti-CD40 + Anti-PDL1 by Correcting the T-bet to Tox Ratio in CD8+ T cells Infiltrating Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology research · 2025Article
- Article
- General and individualized changes in T cell immunity during aging.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Review
- A comprehensive review and evaluation of species richness estimation.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Review
- TCR repertoire of human cytotoxic CD4 T cells responding to betaherpesviruses HHV-6B and HCMV.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A highly diverse T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is a fundamental property of an effective immune system, and is associated with efficient control of viral infections and other pathogens. However, direct measurement of total TCR diversity is impossible. The diversity is high and the frequency distribution of individual TCRs is heavily skewed; the diversity therefore cannot be captured in a blood sample. Consequently, estimators of the total number of TCR clonotypes that are present in the individual, in addition to those observed, are essential. This is analogous to the 'unseen species problem' in ecology. We review the diversity (species richness) estimators that have been applied to T-cell repertoires and the methods used to validate these estimators. We show that existing approaches have significant shortcomings, and frequently underestimate true TCR diversity. We highlight our recently developed estimator, DivE, which can accurately estimate diversity across a range of immunological and biological systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.