Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26150476›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2015

Traditional Risk Factors Versus Biomarkers for Prediction of Secondary Events in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease: From the Heart and Soul Study.

Alexis L Beatty, Ivy A Ku, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Robert H Christenson, Christopher R DeFilippi, Peter Ganz, Joachim H Ix, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Torbjørn Omland, Marc S Sabatine and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Smoking cessation for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Simple risk models to predict cardiovascular death in patients with stable coronary artery disease.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2021
    Article
  11. Observational
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 11 institutions in 2 countries.

Alexis L BeattyDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) Cardiology Section, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA (A.L.B.) Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.L.B.).
Ivy A KuDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA (I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G.) Department of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (I.A.K., M.T.).
Kirsten Bibbins-DomingoDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (K.B.D., M.G.S., E.V., M.A.W.) San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA (I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G.).
Robert H ChristensonDepartment of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (R.H.C.).
Christopher R DeFilippiDepartment of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (C.R.D.F.).
Peter GanzDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA (I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G.).
Joachim H IxNephrology Section, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA (J.H.I.) Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (J.H.I.) Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (J.H.I.).
Donald Lloyd-JonesDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.L.J.) Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (D.L.J.).
Torbjørn OmlandDivision of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway (T.O.).
Marc S SabatineTIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S.) Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S., H.S.).
Nelson B SchillerDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.).
Michael G ShlipakDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (K.B.D., M.G.S., E.V., M.A.W.) Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (M.G.S., M.A.W.).
Hicham SkaliCardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.S.S., H.S.).
Madoka TakeuchiDepartment of Cardiology, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (I.A.K., M.T.).
Eric VittinghoffDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (K.B.D., M.G.S., E.V., M.A.W.).
Mary A WhooleyDepartment of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (A.L.B., I.A.K., K.B.D., P.G., N.B.S., M.G.S., M.A.W.) Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (K.B.D., M.G.S., E.V., M.A.W.) Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA (M.G.S., M.A.W.).
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · USAkershus University Hospital · NOBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard University · USKaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center · USNorthwestern University · USSan Francisco General Hospital · USSan Francisco VA Medical Center · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

Clinical and Transtional Science InstituteKL2TR000143 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRANDIS, JENNIFER RUBIN · 2012 to 2015
$11.9M
Epidemiology of Depression and Heart Failure in AgingR01HL079235 · NHLBI · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WHOOLEY, MARY A · 2005 to 2009
$4.2M
Novel Biomarkers to Identify Vulnerable Patients with Coronary Artery DiseaseR01HL094390 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI SABATINE, MARC S · 2009 to 2012
$1.3M
High sensitivity Troponin T as a novel predictor of cardiovascular eventsF32HL110518 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BEATTY, ALEXIS LYNN · 2011 to 2012
$125k
Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid ArthritisF32HL097461 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KU, IVY ANN · 2009 to 2010
$122k
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000143NHLBI NIH HHS F32 HL097461NHLBI NIH HHS F32 HL110518NHLBI NIH HHS N01HC65149NHLBI NIH HHS R01HL079235NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL094390
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) have widely varying prognoses and treatment options. Validated models for risk stratification of patients with CHD are needed. We sought to evaluate traditional and novel risk factors as predictors of secondary cardiovascular (CV) events, and to develop a prediction model that could be used to risk stratify patients with stable CHD. METHODS AND

resultsWe used independent derivation (912 participants in the Heart and Soul Study) and validation (2876 participants in the PEACE trial) cohorts of patients with stable CHD to develop a risk prediction model using Cox proportional hazards models. The outcome was CV events, defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, or CV death. The annual rate of CV events was 3.4% in the derivation cohort and 2.2% in the validation cohort. With the exception of smoking, traditional risk factors (including age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes) did not emerge as the top predictors of secondary CV events. The top 4 predictors of secondary events were the following: N-terminal pro-type brain natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, and current smoking. The 5-year C-index for this 4-predictor model was 0.73 in the derivation cohort and 0.65 in the validation cohort. As compared with variables in the Framingham secondary events model, the Heart and Soul risk model resulted in net reclassification improvement of 0.47 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.73) in the derivation cohort and 0.18 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.40) in the validation cohort.

conclusionsNovel risk factors are superior to traditional risk factors for predicting 5-year risk of secondary events in patients with stable CHD.

Indexed as

Decision Support TechniquesAgedAged, 80 and overAlbuminuriaBiomarkersComorbidityCoronary DiseaseCreatinineDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionNatriuretic Peptide, BrainBiomarkersCreatinineNatriuretic Peptide, BrainPeptide Fragmentspro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)Troponin Tcoronary diseaseepidemiologypreventionrisk prediction

Identifiers

PMID26150476
PMCPMC4608062
OpenAlexW2148583670

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.