Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26150325›Full record

ArticleJournal of pain and symptom management2015

Nursing Home Staff Palliative Care Knowledge and Practices: Results of a Large Survey of Frontline Workers.

Kathleen T Unroe, John G Cagle, Kathleen A Lane, Christopher M Callahan, Susan C Miller

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pain and symptom management, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Nursing Home Palliative Care Referral Process, Barriers, and Proposed Solutions: A Qualitative Study.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
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  7. Article
  8. High-Quality Nursing Home and Palliative Care-One and the Same.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kathleen T UnroeIndiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Electronic address: kunroe@iu.edu.
John G CagleUniversity of Maryland-Baltimore School of Social Work, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Kathleen A LaneIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Christopher M CallahanIndiana University Center for Aging Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Susan C MillerBrown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis · USBrown University · USIndiana University School of MedicineUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Patient-Oriented Research to Improve Geriatric Care-K24K24AG024078 · NIA · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI CALLAHAN, CHRISTOPHER M · 2004 to 2013
$1.4M
NIA NIH HHS K24 AG024078
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextDeficits in quality end-of-life care for nursing home (NH) residents are well known. Palliative care is promoted as an approach to improve quality. The Palliative Care Survey (PCS) is designed to measure NH staff palliative care knowledge and practice.

objectivesTo comparing palliative care knowledge and practices across NH staff roles using the PCS, and to examine relationships between facility characteristics and PCS scores.

methodsThe PCS was administered to frontline NH staff-certified nursing assistants (CNAs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs), registered nurses (RNs), and social workers (SWs)-in 51 facilities in 2012. Descriptive statistics were calculated by job role. Linear mixed effects models were used to identify facility and individual factors associated with palliative care practice and knowledge.

resultsThe analytic sample included 1200 surveys. CNAs had significantly lower practice and knowledge scores compared to LPNs, RNs, and SWs (P < 0.05). LPNs had significantly lower psychological, end-of-life, and total knowledge scores than RNs (P < 0.05 for all). Although knowledge about physical symptoms was uniformly high, end-of-life knowledge was notably low for all staff. A one-point higher facility star rating was significantly associated with a 0.06 increase in family communication score (P = 0.003; 95% CI: 0.02-0.09; SE = 0.02). Higher penetration of hospice in the NH was associated with higher end-of-life knowledge (P = 0.003; parameter estimate = 0.006; 95% CI: 0.002-0.010; SE = 0.002). Sixty-two percent of respondents stated that, with additional training, they would be interested in being leaders in palliative care.

conclusionGiven observed differences in palliative care practice and knowledge scores by staff training, it appears the PCS is a useful tool to assess NH staff. Low end-of-life knowledge scores represent an important target for quality improvement.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeNursesNursing AssistantsNursing HomesSocial WorkersAdolescentAdultFemaleHospicesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPalliative CareTerminal CareYoung Adultend of lifehospiceNursing homepalliative care

Identifiers

PMID26150325
PMCPMC4755479
OpenAlexW1863308174

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.