ArticlePloS one2015
High Accuracy of Common HIV-Related Oral Disease Diagnoses by Non-Oral Health Specialists in the AIDS Clinical Trial Group.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- A phase 2, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three dosing regimens of isavuconazole compared with fluconazole in patients with uncomplicated esophageal candidiasis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Screening oral health in older adults: accuracy of the Oral Health Screener for use within the interRAI.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Common white lesions of the oral cavity: Review of clinical presentations and management.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2025Review
- Molecular Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Disease of Oropharyngeal Mucosal Epithelium.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Oral Diseases and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Kenyan Children and Adolescents with HIV.JDR clinical and translational research · 2023Article
- Whole-genome sequencing of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) reveals evidence for two African lineages.Virology · 2022Article
- Long-Term Zidovudine Therapy and Whether It is a Trigger of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Case Study of Megaloblastic Anemia at the University of Zambia Teaching Hospital.Case reports in hematology · 2022Article
- Article
- Oral Cytokine Levels Are More Linked to Levels of Plasma and Oral HIV-1 RNA Than to CD4Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Oral shedding of herpesviruses in HIV-infected patients with varying degrees of immune status.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Serious fungal infections in Korea.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Article
- The Oral HIV/AIDS Research Alliance Program: lessons learned and future directions.Oral diseases · 2016Article
- Viral infections associated with oral cancers and diseases in the context of HIV: a workshop report.Oral diseases · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMany studies include oral HIV-related endpoints that may be diagnosed by non-oral-health specialists (non-OHS) like nurses or physicians. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of clinical diagnoses of HIV-related oral lesions made by non-OHS compared to diagnoses made by OHS.
methodsA5254, a cross-sectional study conducted by the Oral HIV/AIDS Research Alliance within the AIDS Clinical Trial Group, enrolled HIV-1-infected adults participants from six clinical trial units (CTU) in the US (San Francisco, New York, Chapel Hill, Cleveland, Atlanta) and Haiti. CTU examiners (non-OHS) received standardized training on how to perform an oral examination and make clinical diagnoses of specific oral disease endpoints. Diagnoses by calibrated non-OHS were compared to those made by calibrated OHS, and sensitivity and specificity computed.
resultsAmong 324 participants, the majority were black (73%), men (66%), and the median CD4+ cell count 138 cells/mm(3). The overall frequency of oral mucosal disease diagnosed by OHS was 43% in US sites, and 90% in Haiti. Oral candidiasis (OC) was detected in 153 (47%) by OHS, with erythematous candidiasis (EC) the most common type (39%) followed by pseudomembranous candidiasis (PC; 26%). The highest prevalence of OC (79%) was among participants in Haiti, and among those with CD4+ cell count ≤ 200 cells/mm(3) and HIV-1 RNA > 1000 copies/mL (71%). The sensitivity and specificity of OC diagnoses by non-OHS were 90% and 92% (for EC: 81% and 94%; PC: 82% and 95%). Sensitivity and specificity were also high for KS (87% and 94%, respectively), but sensitivity was < 60% for HL and oral warts in all sites combined. The Candida culture confirmation of OC clinical diagnoses (as defined by ≥ 1 colony forming unit per mL of oral/throat rinse) was ≥ 93% for both PC and EC.
conclusionTrained non-OHS showed high accuracy of clinical diagnoses of OC in comparison with OHS, suggesting their usefulness in studies in resource-poor settings, but detection of less common lesions may require OHS.
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