ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015
Haemophilus ducreyi Cutaneous Ulcer Strains Are Nearly Identical to Class I Genital Ulcer Strains.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Class IInfection and immunity · 2019Trial
- Molecular pathogenesis ofMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Origin, evolution, and success of pbla, the gonococcal beta-lactamase plasmid, and implications for public health.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Infections caused byClinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Prevalence and risk factors associated with Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcers in Cameroon.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- There are three majorMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Interactions of the Skin PathogenFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Diversity patterns of bacteriophages infecting Aggregatibacter and Haemophilus species across clades and niches.The ISME journal · 2019Article
- Article
- Multiple Class I and Class II Haemophilus ducreyi Strains Cause Cutaneous Ulcers in Children on an Endemic Island.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Putative vaccine candidates and drug targets identified by reverse vaccinology and subtractive genomics approaches to controlJournal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
- Haemophilus ducreyi cutaneous ulcer contracted at Seram Island, Indonesia, presented in the Netherlands.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Direct Whole-Genome Sequencing of Cutaneous Strains of Haemophilus ducreyi.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Sexually transmitted infections of the lower gastrointestinal tract.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2018Review
- Haemophilus ducreyi DNA is detectable on the skin of asymptomatic children, flies and fomites in villages of Papua New Guinea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Haemophilus ducreyi Cutaneous Ulcer Strains Diverged from Both Class I and Class II Genital Ulcer Strains: Implications for Epidemiological Studies.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Haemophilus ducreyi Seeks Alternative Carbon Sources and Adapts to Nutrient Stress and Anaerobiosis during Experimental Infection of Human Volunteers.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Article
- Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of Haemophilus ducreyi Strain AUSPNG1, Isolated from a Cutaneous Ulcer of a Child from Papua New Guinea.Genome announcements · 2016Article
- The Human Skin Microbiome Associates with the Outcome of and Is Influenced by Bacterial Infection.mBio · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough cutaneous ulcers (CU) in the tropics is frequently attributed to Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue, the causative agent of yaws, Haemophilus ducreyi has emerged as a major cause of CU in yaws-endemic regions of the South Pacific islands and Africa. H. ducreyi is generally susceptible to macrolides, but CU strains persist after mass drug administration of azithromycin for yaws or trachoma. H. ducreyi also causes genital ulcers (GU) and was thought to be exclusively transmitted by microabrasions that occur during sex. In human volunteers, the GU strain 35000HP does not infect intact skin; wounds are required to initiate infection. These data led to several questions: Are CU strains a new variant of H. ducreyi or did they evolve from GU strains? Do CU strains contain additional genes that could allow them to infect intact skin? Are CU strains susceptible to azithromycin? METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsTo address these questions, we performed whole-genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing of 5 CU strains obtained from Samoa and Vanuatu and 9 archived class I and class II GU strains. Except for single nucleotide polymorphisms, the CU strains were genetically almost identical to the class I strain 35000HP and had no additional genetic content. Phylogenetic analysis showed that class I and class II strains formed two separate clusters and CU strains evolved from class I strains. Class I strains diverged from class II strains ~1.95 million years ago (mya) and CU strains diverged from the class I strain 35000HP ~0.18 mya. CU and GU strains evolved under similar selection pressures. Like 35000HP, the CU strains were highly susceptible to antibiotics, including azithromycin. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These data suggest that CU strains are derivatives of class I strains that were not recognized until recently. These findings require confirmation by analysis of CU strains from other regions.
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