SynthesisInternational journal of clinical practice2015
Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease are risk factors for poor outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of clinical practice, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Guideline
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- Risk Factors for Antibiotic Exposure Post-Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for RecurrentOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Risk Factors forAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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- The Role of Probiotics in the Prevention ofNutrients · 2024Review
- Geriatric nutritional risk index as a risk-factor forJournal of rural medicine : JRM · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and Renal Failure - Adding Insult to Injury? Israel's Experience Based on Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Application of High-Throughput Sequencing Technology in the Pathogen Identification of Diverse Infectious Diseases in Nephrology Departments.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- IL-16 and BCA-1 Serum Levels Are Associated with Disease Severity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Mortality FollowingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Renal Impairment,Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Real-world Experience of Bezlotoxumab for Prevention ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Stratified risks of infection-related hospitalization in patients with chronic kidney disease - A prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Recent advances in the treatment ofFaculty reviews · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the clinical outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
methodsA literature search was performed from inception through February 2015. Studies that reported relative risks, odds ratios or hazard ratios comparing the clinical outcomes of CDI in patients with CKD or ESRD and those without CKD or ESRD were included. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.
resultsNineteen studies (a case-control and 18 cohort studies) with 116,875 patients assessing clinical outcomes of CDI were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled RR of severe or complicated CDI in CKD patients was 1.51 (95% CI: 1.00-2.28). The risk of recurrent CDI is significant higher in patients with a pooled RR of 2.73 (95% CI: 1.36-5.47). The pooled RR of mortality risk of CDI in patients with CKD, ESRD and CKD or ESRD were 1.76 (95% CI: 1.26-2.47), 1.58 (1.37-1.83) and 1.76 (1.32-2.34) respectively.
conclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrates poor outcomes of CDI including severe and recurrent CDI in CKD patients. History of CKD and ESRD are both associated with increased mortality risk in patients with CDI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.