Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26146815›Full record

SynthesisHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2015

World-wide relative contribution of hepatitis B and C viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Catherine de Martel, Delphine Maucort-Boulch, Martyn Plummer, Silvia Franceschi

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 267 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
267citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

267 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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207 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Catherine de MartelInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Delphine Maucort-BoulchInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Martyn PlummerInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Silvia FranceschiInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

unlabelledHepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In order to assess the relative contribution of HBV and HCV to HCC worldwide, and identify changes over time, we conducted a systematic review of case series published up to the year 2014. Eligible studies had to report seroprevalence of both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV), alone and in combination, for at least 20 adult HCC cases. Studies using a first-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for HCV were excluded. A total of 119,000 HCC cases in 260 studies were included from 50 countries. Most European and American countries show a preponderance of HCV over HBV and a substantial fraction of viral marker-negative cases. Asian and African countries generally show a predominance of HBV. The fraction of HCV-positive HCC cases is substantial in Taiwan, Mongolia, Japan, and Pakistan as well as in Western-Central Asia and Northern Africa. No eligible studies were available in Oceania, large parts of Africa, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia. The United States, Brazil, and Germany show evidence of higher prevalence of HCV in HCC since the year 2000. Conversely, Japan and Italy show a decline in the proportion of HCV-positive HCC.

conclusionHBV and HCV are predominant causes of HCC in virtually all world areas, with a growing fraction of HCC cases in several countries attributable to HCV.

Indexed as

HepacivirusHepatitis B virusCarcinoma, HepatocellularGlobal HealthHumansLiver Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID26146815
PMCPMC5019261

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.