ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2015
Trait anger but not anxiety predicts incident type 2 diabetes: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the longitudinal association between diabetes and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2018Pooled it
- Type A and Type D Personality in Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Psychological Factors and Prevalence of Diabetes and Prediabetes in a United States-Mexico Border Community.Ethnicity & disease · 2025Article
- Chronic insomnia, high trait anxiety and their comorbidity as risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Changes Induced by Mind-Body Intervention Including Epigenetic Marks and Its Effects on Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Do health behaviors mediate associations between personality traits and diabetes incidence?Annals of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Hostile personality as a risk factor for hyperglycemia and obesity in adult populations: a systematic review.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2020Review
- Cumulative psychosocial factors are associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and management among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Associations between stressful life events and diabetes: Findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank study of 500,000 adults.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Article
- Personality traits and diabetes incidence among postmenopausal women.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Psychosocial Factors in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk.Current cardiology reports · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrior studies have shown a bidirectional association between depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the prospective associations of anger and anxiety with T2DM have not been established. We hypothesized that trait anger and anxiety would predict incident T2DM, independently of depressive symptoms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsIn the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we prospectively examined the association of trait anger and trait anxiety (assessed via the Spielberger Trait Anger and Anxiety Scales, respectively) with incident T2DM over 11.4 years in 5598 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese participants (53.2% women, mean age 61.6 years) at baseline without prevalent T2DM or cardiovascular disease. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of incident T2DM by previously defined anger category (low, moderate, high), and anxiety quartile, as there were no previously defined categories.
resultsHigh total trait anger was associated with incident T2DM (HR 1.50; 95% CI 1.08-2.07) relative to low total trait anger. The association was attenuated following adjustment for waist circumference (HR 1.32; 95% CI 0.94-1.86). Higher anger reaction was also associated with incident T2DM (HR=1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.11) that remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders/explanatory factors. In contrast, trait anxiety did not predict incident T2DM.
conclusionsHigh total trait anger and anger reaction are potential modifiable risk factors for T2DM. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms of the anger-diabetes relationship and to develop preventive interventions.
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