ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2015
Short-term high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training reduce leukocyte TLR4 in inactive adults at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes.
Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06953648 (Remotely Monitored, Mobile Health-supported, High Intensity Interval Training Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Remotely Monitored, Mobile Health-supported, High Intensity Interval Training Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (REMM-HIIT-HCT)
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Characteristics of High-Intensity Interval Training Influence Anthropometrics, Glycemic Control, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of physical activity and different exercise modalities on glycemic control in people with prediabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Acute Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of different types of regular exercise on physical fitness in adults with overweight or obesity: Systematic review and meta-analyses.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2021Pooled it
- Short-Term (<8 wk) High-Intensity Interval Training in Diseased Cohorts.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2018Pooled it
- High intensity functional training versus traditional resistance training effects on inflammatory, metabolic, and physical outcomes in overweight men a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Exercise training reduces circulating cytokines in male patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes: A pilot study.Physiological reports · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of high-intensity interval- or continuous aerobic-training on insulin resistance and muscle function in adults with metabolic syndrome: a clinical trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Exercise training modulates the gut microbiota profile and impairs inflammatory signaling pathways in obese children.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2020Trial
- Rejuvenation of Neutrophil Functions in Association With Reduced Diabetes Risk Following Ten Weeks of Low-Volume High Intensity Interval Walking in Older Adults With Prediabetes - A Pilot Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Ten weeks of high-intensity interval walk training is associated with reduced disease activity and improved innate immune function in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2018Trial
- Effects of self-paced interval and continuous training on health markers in women.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Trial
- High-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training elicit similar enjoyment and adherence levels in overweight and obese adults.European journal of sport science · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Neutrophil and Monocyte Bactericidal Responses to 10 Weeks of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval or Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Sedentary Adults.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Trial
- Effects of High-Intensity Interval Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Adults with Prediabetes: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Acute effects of high-intensity interval training on adiponectin isoforms in inactive young adults: a quasi-experimental study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exercise can have anti-inflammatory effects in obesity, but the optimal type and intensity of exercise are not clear. This study compared short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in terms of improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, markers of inflammation, and glucose control in previously inactive adults at elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Thirty-nine inactive, overweight/obese adults (32 women) were randomly assigned to 10 sessions over 2 wk of progressive HIIT (n = 20, four to ten 1-min sessions at ∼90% peak heart rate, 1-min rest periods) or MICT (n = 19, 20-50 min at ∼65% peak heart rate). Before and 3 days after training, participants performed a peak O2 uptake test, and fasting blood samples were obtained. Both HIIT (1.8 ± 0.4 vs. 1.9 ± 0.4 l/min, pre vs. post) and MICT (1.8 ± 0.5 vs. 1.9 ± 0.5 l/min, pre vs. post) improved peak O2 uptake (P < 0.001) and lowered plasma fructosamine (P < 0.05). Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 (TLR4) expression was reduced on lymphocytes and monocytes after both HIIT and MICT (P < 0.05) and on neutrophils after MICT (P < 0.01). TLR2 on lymphocytes was reduced after HIIT and MICT (P < 0.05). Plasma inflammatory cytokines were unchanged after training in both groups, but MICT led to a reduction in fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.05, 5.9 ± 1.0 vs. 5.6 ± 1.0 mmol/l, pre vs. post). Ten days of either HIIT or MICT can improve cardiorespiratory fitness and glucose control and lead to reductions in TLR2 and TLR4 expression. MICT, which involved a longer duration of exercise, may be superior for reducing fasting glucose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.