ArticleInnate immunity2015
Arginine-rich histones have strong antiviral activity for influenza A viruses.
Article in Innate immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in liver diseases: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic interventions.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Roles of anesthetics in modulating neutrophil extracellular traps formation: a review of current literature.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in health and disease.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Circulating NET Biomarkers as Predictors of Inflammatory Storm Escalation and Critical Illness in COVID-19.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Transient lung eosinophilia during breakthrough influenza infection in vaccinated mice is associated with protective and balanced Type 1/2 immune responses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and immune crosstalk of neutrophil extracellular traps in response to infection.mBio · 2025Review
- Composition and Function of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Histone H1.2 Inhibited EMCV Replication through Enhancing MDA5-Mediated IFN-β Signaling Pathway.Viruses · 2024Article
- An Emerging Role of Extracellular Traps in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2023Review
- Adsorption/Desorption of Cationic-Hydrophobic Peptides on Zwitterionic Lipid Bilayer Is Associated with the Possibility of Proton Transfer.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multifaceted Nature of Lipid Droplets in Viral Interactions and Pathogenesis.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Small-Molecule Immunotherapies and the Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Therapeutic Strategies for Head and Neck Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
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- Review
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- Neutrophil subsets and their differential roles in viral respiratory diseases.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Histones released by NETosis enhance the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 by bridging the spike protein subunit 2 and sialic acid on host cells.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2022Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) and Covid-19: A new frontiers for therapeutic modality.International immunopharmacology · 2022Review
- Viral Aggregation: The Knowns and Unknowns.Viruses · 2022Review
- Citrullination in the pathology of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders: recent advances and future perspectives.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While histones are best known for DNA binding and transcription-regulating properties, they also have antimicrobial activity against a broad range of potentially pathogenic organisms. Histones are abundant in neutrophil extracellular traps, where they play an important role in NET-mediated antimicrobial killing. Here, we show anti-influenza activity of histones against both seasonal H3N2 and H1N1, but not pandemic H1N1. The arginine rich histones, H3 and H4, had greater neutralizing and viral aggregating activity than the lysine rich histones, H2A and H2B. Of all core histones, histone H4 is most potent in neutralizing IAV, and incubation with IAV with histone H4 results in a decrease in uptake and viral replication by epithelial cells when measured by qRT-PCR. The antiviral activity of histone H4 is mediated principally by direct effects on viral particles. Histone H4 binds to IAV as assessed by ELISA and co-sedimentation of H4 with IAV. H4 also induces aggregation, as assessed by confocal microscopy and light transmission assays. Despite strong antiviral activity against the seasonal IAV strains, H4 was inactive against pandemic H1N1. These findings indicate a possible role for histones in the innate immune response against IAV.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.