ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2015
Measurement of ciliary beat frequency using Doppler optical coherence tomography.
Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intranasal micro-optical coherence tomography imaging for cystic fibrosis studies.Science translational medicine · 2019Trial
- The role of ciliary function in airway epithelial defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Optical Coherence Tomography Enables the Depth-Resolved Measurement of Cilia Beat Frequency in Ex Vivo Human Fallopian Tubes.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2025Article
- Optical Imaging of Cilia in the Head and Neck.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Phase-resolved dynamic wavefront imaging of cilia metachronal waves.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- Article
- Characterization of oviduct ciliary beat frequency using real time phase resolved Doppler spectrally encoded interferometric microscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2019Article
- Seeing cilia: imaging modalities for ciliary motion and clinical connections.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2018Review
- Visualization and Detection of Ciliary Beating Pattern and Frequency in the Upper Airway using Phase Resolved Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Highly phase-stable 200 kHz swept-source optical coherence tomography based on KTN electro-optic deflector.Biomedical optics express · 2017Article
- In vivo cross-sectional imaging of the phonating larynx using long-range Doppler optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMeasuring ciliary beat frequency (CBF) is a technical challenge and difficult to perform in vivo. Doppler optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) is a mesoscopic noncontact imaging modality that provides high-resolution tomographic images and detects micromotion simultaneously in living tissues. In this work we used D-OCT to measure CBF in ex vivo tissue as the first step toward translating this technology to clinical use.
methodsFresh ex vivo samples of rabbit tracheal mucosa were imaged using both D-OCT and phase-contrast microscopy (n = 5). The D-OCT system was designed and built to specification in our lab (1310-nm swept source vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser [VCSEL], 6-μm axial resolution). The samples were placed in culture and incubated at 37°C. A fast Fourier transform was performed on the D-OCT signal recorded on the surface of the samples to gauge CBF. High-speed digital video of the epithelium recorded via phase-contrast microscopy was analyzed to confirm the CBF measurements.
resultsThe D-OCT system detected Doppler signal at the epithelial layer of ex vivo rabbit tracheal samples suggestive of ciliary motion. CBF was measured at 9.36 ± 1.22 Hz using D-OCT and 9.08 ± 0.48 Hz using phase-contrast microscopy. No significant differences were found between the 2 methods (p > 0.05).
conclusionD-OCT allows for the quantitative measurement of CBF without the need to resolve individual cilia. Furthermore, D-OCT technology can be incorporated into endoscopic platforms that allow clinicians to readily measure CBF in the office and provide a direct measurement of mucosal health.
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