SynthesisPloS one2015
Interrelationships between Atopic Disorders in Children: A Meta-Analysis Based on ISAAC Questionnaires.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cesarean section and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Early exposure to infections increases the risk of allergic rhinitis-a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Maternal oral contraceptive pill use and the risk of atopic diseases in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis in general practice and the open population: a systematic review.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2016Pooled it
- Distinction between allergic rhinitis alone and allergic rhinitis + asthma in MASK-air® real-world studies; a ARIA-WAO task force review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Review
- ARIA-EAACI 2025: Person-Centred, Digitally Enabled and Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Change Management in Airway Diseases: An OECD Best Practice for Integrated Care for Chronic Diseases.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Article
- Distinct epidemiological patterns of allergic disease comorbidity across elementary school grades in Taiwan.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Total IgE Trends in Children with Allergic Diseases.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Unveiling the hidden risk: paternal smoking and alcohol exposure prior to conception as independent factors for allergic rhinitis in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Omalizumab in combination with subcutaneous immunotherapy for the treatment of multiple allergies associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case report and a literature review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Allergic sensitisation and type-2 inflammation is associated with new-onset and persistent allergic disease.Clinical and translational allergy · 2023Article
- Multimorbidity of Allergic Conditions in Urban Citizens of Southern China: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Allergic Diseases Among School Students in Tabuk: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- Understanding the development of Th2 cell-driven allergic airway disease in early life.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Review
- Allergy and Household Living Conditions among Adolescents Living near Gold Mine Tailing Dumps in the Gauteng and North West Provinces of South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Resolving Clinical Phenotypes into Endotypes in Allergy: Molecular and Omics Approaches.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2021Review
- Bioinformatics Analysis and Identification of Underlying Biomarkers Potentially Linking Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
- Study of atopic multimorbidity in subjects with rhinitis using multiplex allergen component analysis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2020Article
- How a farming environment protects from atopy.Current opinion in immunology · 2019Review
- Effects of loratadine, a histamine HDrug design, development and therapy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo study the prevalence and interrelationship between asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema using data obtained from ISAAC questionnaires.
methodThe Medline, Pubmed Publisher, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register databases were systematically reviewed to evaluate epidemiological data of children with atopic disorders. To study these interrelationships, a new approach was used. Risk ratios were calculated, describing the risk of having two different atopic disorders when the child is known with one disorder.
resultsIncluded were 31 studies, covering a large number of surveyed children (n=1,430,329) in 102 countries. The calculated worldwide prevalence for asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis is 12.00% (95% CI: 11.99-12.00), 7.88% (95% CI: 7.88-7.89) and 12.66% (95% CI: 12.65-12.67), respectively. The observed prevalence [1.17% (95% CI: 1.17-1.17)] of having all three diseases is 9.8 times higher than could be expected by chance. For children with asthma the calculated risk ratio of having the other two disorders is 5.41 (95% CI: 4.76-6.16), for children with eczema 4.24 (95% CI: 3.75-4.79), and for children with allergic rhinitis 6.20 (95% CI: 5.30-7.27). No studied confounders had a significant influence on these risk ratios.
conclusionsOnly a minority of children suffers from all three atopic disorders, however this co-occurrence is significantly higher than could be expected by chance and supports a close relationship of these disorders in children. The data of this meta-analysis supports the hypothesis that there could be a fourth distinct group of children with all three disorders. Researchers and clinicians might need to consider these children as a separate group with distinct characteristics regarding severity, causes, treatment or prognosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.