ArticlePloS one2015
The Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of an Instrumented Spasticity Assessment in Children with Cerebral Palsy.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03307135 (Medical Spastic Patient Machine Interface MSPMI), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Medical Spastic Patient Machine Interface MSPMI : Biomechanical and Electrophysiological Assessment of the Triceps Surae Spasticity
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Technology-assisted assessment of spasticity: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2022Pooled it
- Acute Effects of Static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching of the Plantar Flexors on Ankle Range of Motion and Muscle-Tendon Behavior in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy-A Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Validity of spasticity related parameters obtained from manual clinical instrumented assessment in stroke patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Increased coactivation during clinical tests of spasticity is associated with increased coactivation during reactive standing balance control in cerebral palsy.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- A Velocity Stretch Reflex Threshold Based on Muscle-Tendon Unit Peak Acceleration to Detect Possible Occurrences of Spasticity during Gait in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Common modelling assumptions affect the joint moments measured during passive joint mobilizations.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Muscle Characteristics in Pediatric Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia vs. Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: An Exploratory Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
- Quantitative Modeling of Spasticity for Clinical Assessment, Treatment and Rehabilitation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Reliability and Validity of a Novel Wearable Device for Measuring Elbow Strength.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Hip Adductor Intramuscular Nerve Distribution Pattern of Children: A Guide for BTX-A Treatment to Muscle Spasticity in Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- The Relationship Between Medial Gastrocnemius Lengthening Properties and Stretch Reflexes in Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Article
- The Effects of Astym Therapy® on a Child With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2017Article
- Spasticity Measurement Based on Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold in Children with Cerebral Palsy Using the PediAnklebot.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2017Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimDespite the impact of spasticity, there is a lack of objective, clinically reliable and valid tools for its assessment. This study aims to evaluate the reliability of various performance- and spasticity-related parameters collected with a manually controlled instrumented spasticity assessment in four lower limb muscles in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
methodThe lateral gastrocnemius, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris and hip adductors of 12 children with spastic CP (12.8 years, ±4.13 years, bilateral/unilateral involvement n=7/5) were passively stretched in the sagittal plane at incremental velocities. Muscle activity, joint motion, and torque were synchronously recorded using electromyography, inertial sensors, and a force/torque load-cell. Reliability was assessed on three levels: (1) intra- and (2) inter-rater within session, and (3) intra-rater between session.
resultsParameters were found to be reliable in all three analyses, with 90% containing intra-class correlation coefficients >0.6, and 70% of standard error of measurement values <20% of the mean values. The most reliable analysis was intra-rater within session, followed by intra-rater between session, and then inter-rater within session. The Adds evaluation had a slightly lower level of reliability than that of the other muscles.
conclusionsLimited intrinsic/extrinsic errors were introduced by repeated stretch repetitions. The parameters were more reliable when the same rater, rather than different raters performed the evaluation. Standardisation and training should be further improved to reduce extrinsic error when different raters perform the measurement. Errors were also muscle specific, or related to the measurement set-up. They need to be accounted for, in particular when assessing pre-post interventions or longitudinal follow-up. The parameters of the instrumented spasticity assessment demonstrate a wide range of applications for both research and clinical environments in the quantification of spasticity.
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