Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26134219›Full record

ReviewJournal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer2015

Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Immune System and Potential for Immunotherapy.

David P Carbone, David R Gandara, Scott J Antonia, Christoph Zielinski, Luis Paz-Ares

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
103citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

103 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Engineered probioticScience advances · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Genetic profile of ferroptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma and pharmaceutical options for ferroptosis induction.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Special Issue "Molecular Advances and Perspectives of Lung Disease".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David P Carbone*Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; †University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California; ‡H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida; §Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria; and ‖Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
David R Gandara
Scott J Antonia
Christoph Zielinski
Luis Paz-Ares

Funding

TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KENNETH Lynn WRIGHT · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
VEGF MEDIATED SIGNALING IN TUMOR/HOST INTERACTIONSR01CA076321 · NCI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI CARBONE, DAVID P. · 1998 to 2007
$2.3M
Notch ligands in regulation of anti-cancer immunityR01CA175370 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI CARBONE, DAVID P., DIKOV, MIKHAIL M · 2013 to 2017
$1.6M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NCI NIH HHS R01 CA076321NCI NIH HHS R01 CA175370
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, lung cancer continues to impose a major burden on healthcare systems and cause significant challenges for clinicians and patients. Most patients present with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis and have a poor prognosis, with the vast majority surviving less than 5 years. Although new therapies have been introduced in recent years that target molecular disease drivers present in a subset of patients, there is a significant need for treatments able to improve response and extend survival while minimizing effects on quality of life. Recent evidence of clinical efficacy for immunotherapeutic approaches for lung cancer suggests that they will become the next major therapeutic advance for this disease. Non-small-cell lung cancer, which accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer cases, has historically been considered a nonimmunogenic disease; however, as with several other malignancies, recent data show that much of this lack of immune responsiveness is functional rather than structural (i.e., possible to overcome therapeutically). This review explores the key elements of the immune system involved in non-small-cell lung cancer and briefly examines immunotherapeutic strategies in development to shift the balance of immune activity away from a tumor-induced immune-suppressive state toward an active antitumor immune response.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungHumansImmunotherapyLung Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID26134219
PMCPMC4618296

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.