ReviewViruses2015
Viroporins, Examples of the Two-Stage Membrane Protein Folding Model.
Review in Viruses, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Living at the border: biophysical gateways into membrane protein insertion and folding.Biophysical reviews · 2026Review
- A recurrent adaptive mutation in the transmembrane 2B protein of an insect picorna-like virus in a nonnative host.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- The sequence and structural integrity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein transmembrane domain is crucial for viral entry.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Functional RNA Elements in Alphavirus Genomes.Current microbiology · 2025Review
- Rescue of bovine ephemeral fever virus through reverse genetics, but inability to propagate.Virusdisease · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Computational design of BclxL inhibitors that target transmembrane domain interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- The Feline Calicivirus Leader of the Capsid Protein Has the Functional Characteristics of a Viroporin.Viruses · 2022Article
- Lagovirus Non-structural Protein p23: A Putative Viroporin That Interacts With Heat Shock Proteins and Uses a Disulfide Bond for Dimerization.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Viral Bcl2s' transmembrane domain interact with host Bcl2 proteins to control cellular apoptosis.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Biological Function and Application of Picornaviral 2B Protein: A New Target for Antiviral Drug Development.Viruses · 2019Review
- Molecular Characterization of the Viroporin Function of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Nonstructural Protein 2B.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Article
- Review
- The soluble loop BC region guides, but not dictates, the assembly of the transmembrane cytochrome b6.PloS one · 2017Article
- Ion channel activity of the CSFV p7 viroporin in surrogates of the ER lipid bilayer.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viroporins are small, α-helical, hydrophobic virus encoded proteins, engineered to form homo-oligomeric hydrophilic pores in the host membrane. Viroporins participate in multiple steps of the viral life cycle, from entry to budding. As any other membrane protein, viroporins have to find the way to bury their hydrophobic regions into the lipid bilayer. Once within the membrane, the hydrophobic helices of viroporins interact with each other to form higher ordered structures required to correctly perform their porating activities. This two-step process resembles the two-stage model proposed for membrane protein folding by Engelman and Poppot. In this review we use the membrane protein folding model as a leading thread to analyze the mechanism and forces behind the membrane insertion and folding of viroporins. We start by describing the transmembrane segment architecture of viroporins, including the number and sequence characteristics of their membrane-spanning domains. Next, we connect the differences found among viroporin families to their viral genome organization, and finalize focusing on the pathways used by viroporins in their way to the membrane and on the transmembrane helix-helix interactions required to achieve proper folding and assembly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.