ArticleMalaria journal2015
Resistance of infection by Plasmodium vivax to chloroquine in Bolivia.
Article in Malaria journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Chloroquine-primaquine therapeutic response and safety in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Colombian Amazon region.Malaria journal · 2024Trial
- Monitoring the Efficacy of Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Main Transmission Hot Spot of Brazil.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Long-Standing International Cooperation in Parasitology Research: A Summary of 35 Years of Activities in the Bolivian Chaco.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- The prevention and treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria.PLoS medicine · 2021Article
- Antimalarial Drug Resistance and Implications for the WHO Global Technical Strategy.Current epidemiology reports · 2021Review
- Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of malaria and repurposing in treating COVID-19.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2020Review
- Emergence of Plasmodium vivax Resistance to Chloroquine in French Guiana.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Plasmodium knowlesi as a model system for characterising Plasmodium vivax drug resistance candidate genes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapeutic Efficacy, Safety, and Plasma Levels in Patients with UncomplicatedThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- Diversity ofThe Korean journal of parasitology · 2017Article
- Efficacy of Chloroquine and Primaquine for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016Article
- Management of relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2016Review
- Evaluation of the paediatric dose of chloroquine in the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Population pharmacokinetics of a three-day chloroquine treatment in patients with Plasmodium vivax infection on the Thai-Myanmar border.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Plasmodium vivax mdr1 genotypes in isolates from successfully cured patients living in endemic and non-endemic Brazilian areas.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Malaria in children of Tshimbulu (Western Kasai, Democratic Republic of the Congo): epidemiological data and accuracy of diagnostic assays applied in a limited resource setting.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- The threat of antimalarial drug resistance.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChloroquine (CQ) over three days plus primaquine (PQ) for seven days is the treatment of choice of infections by Plasmodium vivax in Bolivia, where 95% of the cases of malaria are attributed to this species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CQ in this setting.
methodsPatients in the Amazon region of northern Bolivia, were included in the study from May to November 2011 and the therapeutic efficacy of CQ was evaluated over a 28-day follow-up period. Patients with P. vivax mono-infection received 25 mg/Kg body weight of CQ over three days. The concentrations of CQ + desethylchloroquine (DCQ) in blood were determined at days 7 and 28 of follow up; at follow-up and on the day of treatment failure was administered PQ.
resultsOne hundred patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, two were lost to follow up and another two were later excluded for protocol violation. Of the 96 patients who completed the follow up 10 showed TF; one presented continued parasitaemia until day 7 of follow up, three on day 21 and six on day 28 of follow up. The geometric mean of CQ + DCQ on day 7 was 321.7 ng/ml (range 197-535 ng/ml). In six patients with TF the CQ + DCQ concentrations in blood on the day of TF were >100 ng/ml. The rate of resistance was 6.5%.
conclusionThe present study demonstrates the presence of resistance to CQ in the treatment of malaria by P. vivax in the Amazon region of Bolivia. New clinical trials are needed to establish alternative treatments against these parasites in this region of South America.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.