Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26124159›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015

ELQ-300 prodrugs for enhanced delivery and single-dose cure of malaria.

Galen P Miley, Sovitj Pou, Rolf Winter, Aaron Nilsen, Yuexin Li, Jane X Kelly, Allison M Stickles, Michael W Mather, Isaac P Forquer, April M Pershing and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Mitochondrial CytochromeTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Unique Properties of Apicomplexan Mitochondria.Annual review of microbiology · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Treatment of Human Babesiosis: Then and Now.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  16. Effective Therapy Targeting CytochromeAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Galen P MileyVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Sovitj PouVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Rolf WinterVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Aaron NilsenVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Yuexin LiVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Jane X KellyVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Allison M SticklesOregon Health & Science University, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland, Oregon, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5006-3611
Michael W MatherDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Isaac P ForquerVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA.
April M PershingDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Karen WhiteMonash University, Centre for Drug Candidate Optimization, Parkville, Australia.
David ShacklefordMonash University, Centre for Drug Candidate Optimization, Parkville, Australia.
Jessica SaundersMonash University, Centre for Drug Candidate Optimization, Parkville, Australia.
Gong ChenMonash University, Centre for Drug Candidate Optimization, Parkville, Australia.
Li-Min TingAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Bronx, New York, USA.
Kami KimAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Departments of Medicine, Pathology, and Microbiology and Immunology, Bronx, New York, USA.
Lev N ZakharovCAMCOR, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Cristina DoniniMedicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland.
Jeremy N BurrowsMedicines for Malaria Venture, Geneva, Switzerland.
Akhil B VaidyaDrexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Akhil.Vaidya@DrexelMed.edu Susan.Charman@monash.edu riscoem@ohsu.edu.
Susan A CharmanMonash University, Centre for Drug Candidate Optimization, Parkville, Australia Akhil.Vaidya@DrexelMed.edu Susan.Charman@monash.edu riscoem@ohsu.edu.
Michael K RiscoeVA Medical Center, Experimental Chemotherapy Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland, Oregon, USA Akhil.Vaidya@DrexelMed.edu Susan.Charman@monash.edu riscoem@ohsu.edu.

Funding

ORGANELLE GENOMES OF MALARIAL PARASITESR01AI028398 · NIAID · MCP HAHNEMANN UNIVERSITY · PI AKHIL B VAIDYA · 1989 to 2026
$10.1M
Optimizing ELQs for Treatment and Prevention of MalariaR01AI100569 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Michael Kevin RISCOE · 2014 to 2026
$8.0M
Program in Molecular and Cellular BiosciencesT32GM071338 · NIGMS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI MASLEN, CHERYL L · 2005 to 2020
$3.5M
Antitoxoplasmosis Drug Design and OptimizationR01AI079182 · NIAID · PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY · PI JONES BRANDO, LORRAINE V., RISCOE, MICHAEL KEVIN · 2009 to 2012
$1.5M
Optimizing ELQs for Treatment and Prevention of MalariaR56AI100569 · NIAID · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI RISCOE, MICHAEL KEVIN · 2012 to 2012
$574k
Mitochondrial Functions in Malaria ParasitesR56AI028398 · NIAID · DREXEL UNIVERSITY · PI VAIDYA, AKHIL B · 2016 to 2016
$512k
ORGANELLE GENOMES OF MALARIAL PARASITESR22AI028398 · NIAID · HAHNEMANN UNIVERSITY · PI VAIDYA, AKHIL B · 1989 to 1991
–
Pharmachin Optimization and TestingI01BX003312 · VA · PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI RISCOE, MICHAEL KEVIN · 2016 to 2025
–
BLRD VA I01 BX003312BLRD VA IK6 BX004857NIAID NIH HHS AI028398NIAID NIH HHS AI079182NIAID NIH HHS AI100569NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI028398NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI079182NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI100569NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI028398NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI100569NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM071338
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

ELQ-300 is a preclinical candidate that targets the liver and blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum, as well as the forms that are crucial to transmission of disease: gametocytes, zygotes, and ookinetes. A significant obstacle to the clinical development of ELQ-300 is related to its physicochemical properties. Its relatively poor aqueous solubility and high crystallinity limit absorption to the degree that only low blood concentrations can be achieved following oral dosing. While these low blood concentrations are sufficient for therapy, the levels are too low to establish an acceptable safety margin required by regulatory agencies for clinical development. One way to address the challenging physicochemical properties of ELQ-300 is through the development of prodrugs. Here, we profile ELQ-337, a bioreversible O-linked carbonate ester prodrug of the parent molecule. At the molar equivalent dose of 3 mg/kg of body weight, the delivery of ELQ-300 from ELQ-337 is enhanced by 3- to 4-fold, reaching a maximum concentration of drug in serum (C max) of 5.9 μM by 6 h after oral administration, and unlike ELQ-300 at any dose, ELQ-337 provides single-dose cures of patent malaria infections in mice at low-single-digit milligram per kilogram doses. Our findings show that the prodrug strategy represents a viable approach to overcome the physicochemical limitations of ELQ-300 to deliver the active drug to the bloodstream at concentrations sufficient for safety and toxicology studies, as well as achieving single-dose cures.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntimalarialsCrystallography, X-RayElectron Transport Complex IIIFemaleMalariaMicePlasmodium falciparumProdrugsQuinolones6-Chloro-7-methoxy-2-methyl-3-(4-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)phenyl)quinolin-4(1H)-oneAntimalarialsElectron Transport Complex IIIProdrugsQuinolones

Identifiers

PMID26124159
PMCPMC4538462

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.