ArticleBMC infectious diseases2015
Barriers and facilitators to patient retention in HIV care.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03109431 (Optimizing the HIV Treatment Continuum With a Stepped Care Model for Youth Living With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 166 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Optimizing the HIV Treatment Continuum With a Stepped Care Model for Youth Living With HIV
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes in People With HIV: Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of retention and disengagement after initiation on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries after the introduction of Universal Test and Treat policies.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Engagement and Retention in HIV Care, and Transition to Adult HIV Care in Pediatric and Young Adult Populations Living With HIV: A Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- HIV care outcomes among transgender persons with HIV infection in the United States, 2006-2021.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Verification of HIV Self-Testing Use and Results: A Global Systematic Review.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2020Pooled it
- Prize-Based Incentives for Smoking Cessation Among People With HIV: A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- A Remote Intervention Based on mHealth and Community Health Workers for Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in People With HIV: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2025Trial
- The impact of cash incentives on mental health among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania.AIDS care · 2024Trial
- Development of a Telephone-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for People Living with HIV who are Hazardous Drinkers.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- Motivating people living with HIV to initiate antiretroviral treatment outside national guidelines in three clinics in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial, South Africa.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2021Trial
- Predictors for Poor Linkage to Care Among Hospitalized Persons Living with HIV and Co-Occurring Substance Use Disorder.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Trial
- The Association of Unmet Needs With Subsequent Retention in Care and HIV Suppression Among Hospitalized Patients With HIV Who Are Out of Care.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Experiences of Living with HIV, Stigma, and Healthcare Access in Australia among People Born in China, Thailand, and Latin America Compared to People Born in Australia.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Prior-Year Substance Use Disorders and Subsequent HIV Retention in Care Among Men Living with HIV Who Have Sex with Men.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Social and economic marginalization in the context of a public health emergency: HIV care disruptions experienced by black sexual minority men (BSMM).Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Visualizing stigma and HIV service engagement: a participatory approach using causal loop diagrams.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Loss to Follow-Up and Visit Nonadherence in an HIV Incidence Cohort in Kisumu, Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Retention and Acceptability of a Linkage-to-Care Intervention Among Patients with Chronic Conditions in Rural South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Addressing Stigma and Privacy Through Telemedicine: Qualitative Findings on Enhancing HIV Care Engagement Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRetention in HIV care improves survival and reduces the risk of HIV transmission to others. Multiple quantitative studies have described demographic and clinical characteristics associated with retention in HIV care. However, qualitative studies are needed to better understand barriers and facilitators.
methodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 51 HIV-infected individuals, 25 who were retained in care and 26 not retained in care, from 3 urban clinics. Interview data were analyzed for themes using a modified grounded theory approach. Identified themes were compared between the two groups of interest: patients retained in care and those not retained in care.
resultsOverall, participants identified 12 barriers and 5 facilitators to retention in HIV care. On average, retained individuals provided 3 barriers, while persons not retained in care provided 5 barriers. Both groups commonly discussed depression/mental illness, feeling sick, and competing life activities as barriers. In addition, individuals not retained in care commonly reported expensive and unreliable transportation, stigma, and insufficient insurance as barriers. On average, participants in both groups referenced 2 facilitators, including the presence of social support, patient-friendly clinic services (transportation, co-location of services, scheduling/reminders), and positive relationships with providers and clinic staff.
conclusionsIn our study, patients not retained in care faced more barriers, particularly social and structural barriers, than those retained in care. Developing care models where social and financial barriers are addressed, mental health and substance abuse treatment is integrated, and patient-friendly services are offered is important to keeping HIV-infected individuals engaged in care.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.