ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2015
Monitoring regulatory T cells in clinical samples: consensus on an essential marker set and gating strategy for regulatory T cell analysis by flow cytometry.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood of women with gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Dawn of Monitoring Regulatory T Cells in (Pre-)clinical Studies: Their Relevance Is Slowly Recognised.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Systemic immunomodulation by irreversible electroporation versus stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: the CROSSFIRE trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Exploring cannabidiol effects on inflammatory markers in individuals with cocaine use disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Comprehensive flow cytometric reference intervals of leukocyte subsets from six study centers across Europe.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2020Trial
- Repopulation of T, B, and NK cells following alemtuzumab treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Trial
- Translational immune correlates of indirect antibody immunization in a randomized phase II study using scheduled combination therapy with carboplatin/paclitaxel plus oregovomab in ovarian cancer patients.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2020Trial
- Low-dose interferon-alpha preconditioning and adoptive cell therapy in patients with metastatic melanoma refractory to standard (immune) therapies: a phase I/II study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Trial
- T Cell Dysregulation in Non-silicotic Silica Exposed Workers: A Step Toward Immune Tolerance Breakdown.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Immunophenotyping of Human Regulatory T-Cells from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Lymph node extracellular matrix skews the immune function of human fibroblastic reticular cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical Spectrum and Therapeutic Options in Monogenic CTLA-4-, LRBA-, or SOCS1-Related Primary Immune Regulatory Disorders.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Interleukin-2 transcriptomic expression correlates with prolonged survival and with GNAS alterations in patients with advanced cancers.ESMO open · 2026Article
- Peripheral blood immune cell subsets predict postoperative recurrence in colorectal cancer: a flow cytometry-based retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Targeting regulatory T cell plasticity in gastric cancer: a unified bimodal model and precision immunotherapy paradigm: a hypothesis-generating review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Effects of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-2 on regulatory T cells in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Abatacept treatment shows a modulating effect on Treg subsets in LRBA-deficient patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- T cells are associated with negative symptoms in persons with anti-gliadin antibody positive schizophrenia and related disorders.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated immunosuppression is considered a major obstacle for successful cancer immunotherapy. The association between clinical outcome and Tregs is being studied extensively in clinical trials, but unfortunately, no consensus has been reached about (a) the markers and (b) the gating strategy required to define human Tregs in this context, making it difficult to draw final conclusions. Therefore, we have organized an international workshop on the detection and functional testing of Tregs with leading experts in the field, and 40 participants discussing different analyses and the importance of different markers and context in which Tregs were analyzed. This resulted in a rationally composed ranking list of "Treg markers". Subsequently, the proposed Treg markers were tested to get insight into the overlap/differences between the most frequently used Treg definitions and their utility for Treg detection in various human tissues. Here, we conclude that the CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 markers are the minimally required markers to define human Treg cells. Staining for Ki67 and CD45RA showed to provide additional information on the activation status of Tregs. The use of markers was validated in a series of PBMC from healthy donors and cancer patients, as well as in tumor-draining lymph nodes and freshly isolated tumors. In conclusion, we propose an essential marker set comprising antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, Foxp3, Ki67, and CD45RA and a corresponding robust gating strategy for the context-dependent analysis of Tregs by flow cytometry.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.