ReviewThe European journal of neuroscience2016
Strategies to promote peripheral nerve regeneration: electrical stimulation and/or exercise.
Review in The European journal of neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03698136 (Electrical Stimulation in Denervated Muscles of the Upper Limbs - Effect on Muscle Morphological Properties - a Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Electrical Stimulation in Denervated Muscles of the Upper Limbs - Effect on Muscle Morphological Properties - a Pilot Study
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 304 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical applications of electrical stimulation for peripheral nerve injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Global trends and hot topics in electrical stimulation of skeletal muscle research over the past decade: A bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Polyethylene Glycol: The Future of Posttraumatic Nerve Repair? Systemic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Pooled it
- The Effects of Intraoperative Electrical Stimulation on Regeneration and Recovery After Nerve Isograft Repair in a Rat Model.Hand (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Trial
- [Effectiveness of TZhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Ketogenic Diet and Exercise Improve Peripheral Neuropathy in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Integrating Cells, Biomaterials, and Advanced Engineering for Next-Generation Peripheral Nerve Repair.Cells, tissues, organs · 2026Review
- Impact of tongue exercise on hypoglossal axis survival, structure, and output in a rodent model of hypoglossal motor neuron degeneration.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Exercise-Induced Differential Transcriptional Output of AMPK Signaling Improves Axon Regeneration and Functional Recovery.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Functional and Morphological Outcomes of Duration-Dependent Electrical Stimulation in Silicone Conduit-Mediated Peripheral Nerve Repair in Rats.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Peripheral nerve repair: innovations and future directions.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Where Do We Stand for Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation?Microsurgery · 2026Review
- Skeletal muscle reprogramming in peripheral nerve injury: mechanisms, therapeutic roles, and complication management.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Electrical stimulation of injured nerves promotes recovery in animals and humans.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Optic nerve injury impairs intrinsic mechanisms underlying electrical activity in a resilient retinal ganglion cell.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Facial nerve pathology: emerging strategies for regeneration and functional restoration.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2025Review
- Implantable Self-Powered Systems for Electrical Stimulation Medical Devices.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Applications of advances in therapeutic electrical stimulation techniques and technologies in precision peripheral nerve repair: a narrative review.Advanced technology in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Enhances Lower Limb Muscle Synergies During Jumping in Martial Artists Post-Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Enhancing the regeneration of axons is often considered to be a therapeutic target for improving functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury. In this review, the evidence for the efficacy of electrical stimulation (ES), daily exercise and their combination in promoting nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injuries in both animal models and in human patients is explored. The rationale, effectiveness and molecular basis of ES and exercise in accelerating axon outgrowth are reviewed. In comparing the effects of ES and exercise in enhancing axon regeneration, increased neural activity, neurotrophins and androgens are considered to be common requirements. Similarly, there are sex-specific requirements for exercise to enhance axon regeneration in the periphery and for sustaining synaptic inputs onto injured motoneurons. ES promotes nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair in humans and rats. The effectiveness of exercise is less clear. Although ES, but not exercise, results in a significant misdirection of regenerating motor axons to reinnervate different muscle targets, the loss of neuromuscular specificity encountered has only a very small impact on resulting functional recovery. Both ES and exercise are promising experimental treatments for peripheral nerve injury that seem to be ready to be translated to clinical use.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.