ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2015
Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Stroke: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Public knowledge of risk factors and warning signs for cardiovascular disease among young and middle-aged adults in rural Tanzania.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- METS-IR and SII as mediators in the association between smoking and depressive symptoms: insights from NHANES (2005-2018).BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Traumatic brain injury persistently increases the incidence of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes: Potential mechanisms.Progress in neurobiology · 2025Review
- Early-life tobacco smoke exposure and stroke risk: a prospective study of 341,783 and 352,737 UK Biobank participants.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Prevention in the Etiology of Environmental Factor-Induced Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of environmental science and public health · 2024Article
- Health effects associated with exposure to secondhand smoke: a Burden of Proof study.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Stroke Risk in Young Women with Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Propensity-Score-Matched Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2022Article
- Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with abnormal P-wave axis.Public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Blood-Brain Barrier Transporters: Opportunities for Therapeutic Development in Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Extension of Public Smoking Ban Was Not Associated with Any Immediate Effect on Stroke Occurrence in Finland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2021Article
- The Association between Secondhand Smoke and Stress, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Tobacco Use: A Major Risk Factor of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Journal of stroke · 2021Review
- Article
- Childhood Misfortune and Late-Life Stroke Incidence, 2004-2014.The Gerontologist · 2020Article
- Second-Hand Smoke Exposure Among Coronary Heart Disease Patients.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2020Article
- Health and Healthcare Needs of Koreans in San Francisco Bay Area: The Korean Needs Assessment (KoNA) Project.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2019Article
- Association of secondhand tobacco smoke exposure during childhood on adult cardiovascular disease risk among never-smokers.Annals of epidemiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionStroke is a major public health concern worldwide given the associated morbidity and mortality. Smoking is a risk factor for stroke, but the relationship between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and stroke has been inconsistent to date. The aim of the current study was to examine the association of SHS exposure and risk of stroke and its subtypes (ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke) among nonsmokers.
methodsDemographic and clinical characteristics were compared by SHS exposure status for African American and white nonsmokers aged ≥45 years in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study in 2014. Hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models to assess the relationship between SHS exposure and stroke risk.
resultsOf the 21,743 participants (38% African American, 45% male), SHS exposure in the past year was reported by 23%. Compared with those without SHS exposure, exposed participants were more likely to be female, white, younger, and reside with a smoker (all p<0.001). A total of 428 incident strokes were observed from April 2003 to March 2012 during a mean follow-up of 5.6 years. The risk of overall stroke was increased 30% among those with SHS exposure after adjustment for other stroke risk factors (95% CI=2%, 67%). This relationship appeared to be driven by ischemic strokes.
conclusionsSHS exposure is independently associated with an increased risk of stroke. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and examine the role of long-term effects of SHS exposure on stroke outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.