ArticleGenome biology and evolution2015
Evolutionary Stasis in Cycad Plastomes and the First Case of Plastome GC-Biased Gene Conversion.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plastomes of TenEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic discordance among plastid genes in endangered Maltese Limonium.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The presence and impact of G-quadruplexes in plant chloroplast DNA.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Complete chloroplast genome features and phylogenetic analysis of Clematis cadmia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A record-setting mitogenome in the holoparasitic plant Balanophora yakushimensis accompanied by exceptional loss of organellar DNA repair and recombination genes.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Evolutionary trends of reproductive phenotype in Cycadales: an analysis of morphological evolution in Ceratozamia.Annals of botany · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of 12 water lily plastid genomes reveals genomic divergence and evolutionary relationships in early flowering plants.Marine life science & technology · 2024Article
- Complete organelle genomes of Korean fir, Abies koreana and phylogenomics of the gymnosperm genus Abies using nuclear and cytoplasmic DNA sequence data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evolution of the Araliaceae family involved rapid diversification of the Asian Palmate group and Hydrocotyle specific mutational pressure.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The complete plastid genome provides insight into maternal plastid inheritance mode of the living fossil plantPlant diversity · 2023Article
- Chloroplast Genomes and Phylogenetic Analysis of ThreeInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Core Endophytic Bacteria and Their Roles in the Coralloid Roots of CultivatedMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Phylogeny and adaptive evolution of subgenus Rhizirideum (Amaryllidaceae, Allium) based on plastid genomes.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Complete chloroplast genome sequencing and comparative analysis of threatened dragon trees Dracaena serrulata and Dracaena cinnabari.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Plastomes ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Sorting of mitochondrial and plastid heteroplasmy inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Article
- Effects of geographic isolation on the Bulbophyllum chloroplast genomes.BMC plant biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In angiosperms, gene conversion has been known to reduce the mutational load of plastid genomes (the plastomes). Particularly, more frequent gene conversions in inverted repeat (IR) than in single copy (SC) regions result in contrasting substitution rates between these two regions. However, little has been known about the effect of gene conversion in the evolution of gymnosperm plastomes. Cycads (Cycadophyta) are the second largest gymnosperm group. Evolutionary study of their plastomes is limited to the basal cycad genus, Cycas. In this study, we addressed three questions. 1) Do the plastomes of other cycad genera evolve slowly as previously observed in the plastome of Cycas taitungensis? 2) Do substitution rates differ between their SC and IR regions? And 3) Does gene conversion occur in the cycad plastomes? If yes, is it AT-biased or GC-biased? Plastomes of eight species from other eight genera of cycads were sequenced. These plastomes are highly conserved in genome organization. Excluding ginkgo, cycad plastomes have significantly lower synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates than other gymnosperms, reflecting their evolutionary stasis in nucleotide mutations. In the IRs of cycad plastomes, the reduced substitution rates and GC-biased mutations are associated with a GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC) mechanism. Further investigations suggest that in cycads, gBGC is able to rectify plastome-wide mutations. Therefore, this study is the first to uncover the plastomic gBGC in seed plants. We also propose a gBGC model to interpret the dissimilar evolutionary patterns as well as the compositionally biased mutations in the SC and IR regions of cycad plastomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.