Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26115918›Full record

ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2015

Evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and anti-coagulant properties of Lactuca sativa (CV. Grand Rapids) plant tissues and cell suspension in rats.

Hammad Ismail, Bushra Mirza

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Polyphenol RichMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  8. Withametelin: a biologically active withanolide in cancer, inflammation, pain and depression.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Sedative Effects of Latexes Obtained from SomeMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Neuroprotective, antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of Hedera nepalensis and lupeol against STZ + AlClDaru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2018
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hammad IsmailDepartment of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan. hammadismail5@gmail.com.
Bushra MirzaDepartment of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan. bushramirza@qau.edu.pk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLactuca sativa (lettuce) has been traditionally used for relieving pain, inflammation, stomach problems including indigestion and lack of appetite. Moreover, the therapeutic significance of L. sativa includes its anticonvulsant, sedative-hypnotic and antioxidant properties.

methodsIn the present study, the MC (methanol and chloroform; 1:1) and aqueous extracts of seed and leaf along with cell suspension exudate were prepared. These extracts were explored for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and anticoagulant effects by hot plate analgesic assay; carrageenan induced hind paw edema test, forced swimming test and capillary method for blood clotting respectively in a rat model. The results were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Turkey multiple comparison test.

resultsInterestingly, the extracts and the cell suspension exudate showed dual inhibition by reducing pain and inflammation. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts of leaf exhibited highest analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities followed by leaf MC, cell suspension exudate, seed aqueous and seed MC extracts. The current findings show that aqueous and MC extracts of seed have the least immobility time in the forced swimming test, which could act as an anti-depressant on the central nervous system. The leaf extracts and cell suspension exudate also expressed moderate anti-depressant activities. In anticoagulant assay, the coagulation time of aspirin (positive control) and MC extract of leaf was comparable, suggesting strong anti-coagulant effect. Additionally, no abnormal behavior or lethality was observed in any animal tested.

conclusionTaken together, L. sativa can potentially act as a strong herbal drug due to its multiple pharmaceutical effects and is therefore of interest in drug discovery and development of formulations.

Indexed as

AnalgesicsAnimalsAnticoagulantsAntidepressive AgentsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBehavior, AnimalBlood CoagulationLactucaPain ManagementPlant ExtractsRatsAnalgesicsAnticoagulantsAntidepressive AgentsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPlant Extracts

Identifiers

PMID26115918
PMCPMC4482268

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.