ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2015
Obesity is associated with race/sex disparities in diabetes and hypertension prevalence, but not cardiovascular disease, among HIV-infected adults.
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reporting and handling of missing data in published studies of co-morbid hypertension and diabetes among people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Pooled it
- Alcohol and dietary factors associate with gut integrity and inflammation in HIV-infected adults.HIV medicine · 2017Trial
- Cognitive Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Neurocognitive Impairment in Adults Aging With HIV: A Pilot Study.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACTrial
- Obesity and Weight Management in HIV: Epidemiology, Complications, and Emerging Treatments.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Racial Inequity in Prescription of Semaglutide Among Eligible People With HIV.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors regarding atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly people with HIV treated in Chongqing, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- HIV-Associated Hypertension: Risks, Mechanisms, and Knowledge Gaps.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Weight Gain After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation and Subsequent Risk of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Article
- The interaction between detectable plasma viral load and increased body mass index on hypertension among persons living with HIV.AIDS care · 2020Article
- Associations of food insecurity and psychosocial measures with diet quality in adults aging with HIV.AIDS care · 2019Article
- Article
- Monocyte bioenergetic function is associated with body composition in virologically suppressed HIV-infected women.Redox biology · 2017Article
- Metabolic Complications and Glucose Metabolism in HIV Infection: A Review of the Evidence.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2016Review
- The Silent Epidemic - Frailty and Aging with HIV.Total patient care in HIV & HCV · 2016Article
- The Intersection of HIV, Diabetes, and Race: Exploring Disparities in Diabetes Care among People Living with HIV.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
- Physical activity trends and metabolic health outcomes in people living with HIV in the US, 2008-2015.Progress in cardiovascular diseasesArticle
- Prevention of cardiovascular disease for historically marginalized racial and ethnic groups living with HIV: A narrative review of the literature.Progress in cardiovascular diseasesReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Race/sex differences are observed in cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk and prevalence in the context of treated, chronic HIV infection, and these differences could be exacerbated by disparities in obesity prevalence. We sought to determine the effect of obesity on these disparities among people living with HIV. Prevalence of CMD (dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease) was determined for patients seen at the University of Alabama at Birmingham HIV clinic between 7/2010 and 6/2011. Staged logistic regression was used to examine the impact of race/sex on comorbidities adjusting for key confounders including/excluding obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)). Of 1,800 participants, 77% were male, 54% were black, and 25% were obese. Obesity prevalence differed by race/sex: black women 49%, black men 24%, white women 24%, white men 15% (p<0.01). Compared to white men, other groups had reduced odds for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disorders (p<0.01). Black men had increased odds for hypertension and chronic kidney disease, while black women had a nearly 2-fold increased odds for diabetes and hypertension (all at p<0.01). The associations of black women with diabetes and hypertension were attenuated when obesity was included in the models. Other group differences remained significant. Disparities in obesity prevalence do not explain race/sex differences in all CMD among people with HIV. Obesity accounted for associations with diabetes/hypertension for black women, who may benefit from weight reduction to decrease disease risk. Further investigations into the etiology and treatment of CMD in people living with HIV should consider unique race/sex treatment issues.
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Registered trials
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