ArticleBiology of sex differences2015
Sex differences of leukocytes DNA methylation adjusted for estimated cellular proportions.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review on the contribution of DNA methylation to hearing loss.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in newborns and children show widespread sex differences in blood DNA methylation.Mutation research. Reviews in mutation researchPooled it
- MTHFR and MTRR Polymorphisms Predict Sex-Dependent Psychotic Symptom Improvements, Not Metabolic Changes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The relationship between the biological biomarker lnc-DC and female patients with Sjögren's disease.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- DNA methylation signatures of frailty beyond age: a longitudinal study of female and male mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a methylation-specific droplet digital PCR multiplex for lung cancer detection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sex differences in resting skeletal muscle and the acute and long-term response to endurance exercise in individuals with overweight and obesity.Molecular metabolism · 2025Article
- Review
- Sex-related DNA methylation is associated with inflammation and gene expression in the lungs of healthy individuals.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Exploring the causal association between epigenetic clocks and menopause age: insights from a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Epigenetics of the far northern Yakutian population.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- A permutation-based approach using a rank-based statistic to identify sex differences in epigenetics.Scientific reports · 2023Review
- Biological differences underlying sex and gender disparities in bladder cancer: current synopsis and future directions.Oncogenesis · 2023Review
- Comprehensive Analysis Reveals the Potential Roles of Transcription Factor Dp-1 in Lung Adenocarcinoma.World journal of oncology · 2023Article
- recountmethylation enables flexible analysis of public blood DNA methylation array data.Bioinformatics advances · 2023Article
- Sex differences in methylation profiles are apparent in medulloblastoma, particularly among SHH tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Sex-specific DNA methylation: impact on human health and development.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2022Review
- Large-scale placenta DNA methylation integrated analysis reveals fetal sex-specific differentially methylated CpG sites and regions.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Characterising sex differences of autosomal DNA methylation in whole blood using the Illumina EPIC array.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDNA methylation, which is most frequently the transference of a methyl group to the 5-carbon position of the cytosine in a CpG dinucleotide, plays an important role in both normal development and diseases. To date, several genome-wide methylome studies have revealed sex-biased DNA methylation, yet no studies have investigated sex differences in DNA methylation by taking into account cellular heterogeneity. The aim of the present study was to investigate sex-biased DNA methylation on the autosomes in human blood by adjusting for estimated cellular proportions because cell-type proportions may vary by sex.
methodsWe performed a genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of the peripheral leukocytes in two sets of samples, a discovery set (49 males and 44 females) and a replication set (14 males and 10 females) using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips for 485,764 CpG dinucleotides and then examined the effect of sex on DNA methylation with a multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for age, the estimated 6 cell-type proportions, and the covariates identified in a surrogate variable analysis.
resultsWe identified differential DNA methylation between males and females at 292 autosomal CpG site loci in the discovery set (Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.05). Of these 292 CpG sites, significant sex differences were also observed at 98 sites in the replication set (p < 0.05).
conclusionsThese findings provided further evidence that DNA methylation may play a role in the differentiation or maintenance of sexual dimorphisms. Our methylome mapping of the effects of sex may be useful to understanding the molecular mechanism involved in both normal development and diseases.
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