Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26111164›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Self-Organizing Feature Maps Identify Proteins Critical to Learning in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome.

Clara Higuera, Katheleen J Gardiner, Krzysztof J Cios

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
14.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Contrastive Dimension Reduction: A Systematic Review.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Computational statistics · 2026
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  5. Contrastive independent component analysis for salient patterns and dimensionality reduction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  6. Review
  7. The Rayleigh Quotient and Contrastive Principal Component Analysis I.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  8. Article
  9. Contrastive dimension reduction: when and how?Advances in neural information processing systems · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Anomaly detection in mixed high-dimensional molecular data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. LassoNet: Neural Networks with Feature Sparsity.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Clara HigueraDepartamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial e Ingeniería del Software, Facultad de Informática, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Katheleen J GardinerLinda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Human Medical Genetics and Genomics, and Neuroscience Programs, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America.
Krzysztof J CiosDepartment of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America; IITiS, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gliwice, Poland.
Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics · PLUniversidad Complutense de Madrid · ESUniversity of Colorado Denver · US

Funding

Systems Biology for Studies of Cognition in Down SyndromeR01HD056235 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI GARDINER, KATHELEEN · 2008 to 2012
$2.7M
NICHD NIH HHS 1R01HD056235-01A1NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD056235
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal abnormality (trisomy of human chromosome 21) associated with intellectual disability and affecting approximately one in 1000 live births worldwide. The overexpression of genes encoded by the extra copy of a normal chromosome in DS is believed to be sufficient to perturb normal pathways and normal responses to stimulation, causing learning and memory deficits. In this work, we have designed a strategy based on the unsupervised clustering method, Self Organizing Maps (SOM), to identify biologically important differences in protein levels in mice exposed to context fear conditioning (CFC). We analyzed expression levels of 77 proteins obtained from normal genotype control mice and from their trisomic littermates (Ts65Dn) both with and without treatment with the drug memantine. Control mice learn successfully while the trisomic mice fail, unless they are first treated with the drug, which rescues their learning ability. The SOM approach identified reduced subsets of proteins predicted to make the most critical contributions to normal learning, to failed learning and rescued learning, and provides a visual representation of the data that allows the user to extract patterns that may underlie novel biological responses to the different kinds of learning and the response to memantine. Results suggest that the application of SOM to new experimental data sets of complex protein profiles can be used to identify common critical protein responses, which in turn may aid in identifying potentially more effective drug targets.

Indexed as

LearningProtein Interaction MapsAnimalsCluster AnalysisDisease Models, AnimalDown SyndromeGene Expression RegulationHumansMemantineMemory DisordersMiceMemantine

Identifiers

PMID26111164
PMCPMC4482027
OpenAlexW1604956938

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.