ArticleBritish journal of cancer2015
Macrophage polarisation changes within the time between diagnostic biopsy and tumour resection in oral squamous cell carcinomas--an immunohistochemical study.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Significance of Tumor-Associated Macrophage Content in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Pooled it
- From signals to phenotype: multifactorial drivers of tumor-associated macrophage polarization in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Review
- Immunophenotypic Characterization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Oral Carcinogenesis: An Observational Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Observational
- Understanding the Tumor Microenvironment and Therapy Resistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cells · 2025Review
- Comparative profiling of T cell and macrophage subsets in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Minimally invasive biopsy-based diagnostics in support of precision cancer medicine.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
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- Dendritic cell effector mechanisms and tumor immune microenvironment infiltration define TLR8 modulation and PD-1 blockade.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Dendritic cell effector mechanisms and tumor immune microenvironment infiltration define TLR8 modulation and PD-1 blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- Postoperative Changes in Systemic Immune Tolerance Following Major Oncologic versus Minor Maxillofacial Surgery.Cancers · 2023Article
- Increased breast cancer mortality due to treatment delay and needle biopsy type: a retrospective analysis of SEER-medicare.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- Sustained Inflammation of Breast Tumors after Needle Biopsy.Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Crosstalk between cancer and different cancer stroma subtypes promotes the infiltration of tumor‑associated macrophages into the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.International journal of oncology · 2022Article
- Macrophage and T-Cell Infiltration and Topographic Immune Cell Distribution in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- The role of tumor-associated macrophages in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- The Colorectal Cancer Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Liver and Lung Metastasis.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prognosis of solid malignancies has been shown to depend on immunological parameters, such as macrophage polarisation (M1/M2). Recently, it was reported that preoperative oral surgery leads to a worsening of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) prognosis. Diagnostic incision biopsies are oral surgery procedures that might lead to healing-associated M2 macrophage polarisation with a potential negative influence on tumour biology. No studies have compared macrophage polarisation in OSCC biopsies and tumour specimens.
methodsPreoperative diagnostic incision biopsies (n=25) and tumour resection specimens (n=34) of T1/T2 OSCC were processed for immunohistochemistry to detect CD68-, CD11c-, CD163- and MRC1-positive cells. Samples were digitised using whole-slide imaging, and the expression of macrophage markers was quantitatively analysed.
resultsCarcinoma tissues obtained during OSCC tumour resections showed a significantly (P<0.05) increased CD163 cell count (M2 macrophages) compared with tissues obtained during preoperative incision biopsies. Additionally, the CD163/CD68 ratio (an indicator of M2 polarisation) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in tumour resection specimens than in biopsies.
conclusionsThis study revealed for the first time an increase in M2 polarisation in samples obtained during OSCC tumour resection surgery compared with preoperative incision biopsies. The biopsy-induced tissue trauma might explain the observed shift in macrophage polarisation towards the tumour-promoting M2 type and could lead to accelerated tumour progression.
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