ArticlePloS one2015
Influence of phthalates on in vitro innate and adaptive immune responses.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- Acute exposure to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) impacts pituitary hormones and inflammatory markers, suggesting altered reproductive aging in adult female mice.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Identification of key genes potentially associated with bladder cancer development by common plasticizers: an integrated transcriptomics and network toxicology study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Co-targeting CDK4/6 enhances anti-cancer activity and alleviates immune-related adverse events of anti-PD-1 antibody for breast cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of phthalates in the comorbidity of preeclampsia and depression by integrating multiple datasets.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Toxicity of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) toward isolated human blood lymphocytes: Apoptosis initiated from intracellular calcium enhancement and mitochondrial/lysosomal cross talk.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Prenatal exposure to phthalates and childhood wheeze and asthma in the PROGRESS cohort.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Key characteristics of carcinogens meet hallmarks for prevention-cutting the Gordian knot.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Expanded assessment of xenobiotic associations with antinuclear antibodies in the United States, 1988-2012.Environment international · 2022Article
- Environmental Pollution to Blame for Depressive Disorder?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Review
- Article
- A Comprehensive Assessment of Associations between Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and the Placental Transcriptomic Landscape.Environmental health perspectives · 2021Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Di-Ethyl Phthalate (DEP) Is Related to Increasing Neonatal IgE Levels and the Altering of the Immune Polarization of Helper-T Cells.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Endocrine Disruptor Compounds-A Cause of Impaired Immune Tolerance Driving Inflammatory Disorders of Pregnancy?Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Interplay Between Endocrine Disruptors and Immunity: Implications for Diseases of Autoreactive Etiology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Sex-specific difference in placental inflammatory transcriptional biomarkers of maternal phthalate exposure: a prospective cohort study.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- The activities of drug inactive ingredients on biological targets.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Human Erythrocytes Exposed to Phthalates and Their Metabolites Alter Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Hemoglobin Oxidation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of endocrine disrupting chemicals, suspected to influence the immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of phthalates on cytokine secretion from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and phytohemagglutinin-P were used for stimulation of monocytes/macrophages and T cells, respectively. Cells were exposed for 20 to 22 hours to either di-ethyl, di-n-butyl or mono-n-butyl phthalate at two different concentrations. Both diesters were metabolised to their respective monoester and influenced cytokine secretion from both monocytes/macrophages and T cells in a similar pattern: the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and the chemokine CXCL8 by monocytes/macrophages was enhanced, while tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion by monocytes/macrophages was impaired, as was the secretion of IL-2 and IL-4, TNF-α and interferon-γ by T cells. The investigated phthalate monoester also influenced cytokine secretion from monocytes/macrophages similar to that of the diesters. In T cells, however, the effect of the monoester was different compared to the diesters. The influence of the phthalates on the cytokine secretion did not seem to be a result of cell death. Thus, results indicate that both human innate and adaptive immunity is influenced in vitro by phthalates, and that phthalates therefore may affect cell differentiation and regenerative and inflammatory processes in vivo.
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