ReviewNeural regeneration research2015
Ligustrazine monomer against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Review in Neural regeneration research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs for Treating Post-Ischemic Stroke Cognitive Impairment Insights From Frequency and Association Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and effectiveness of Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine injection for acute cerebral infarction in Chinese population: a PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Intranasal essential oils in therapy: advances in clinical applications and delivery mechanisms.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026Review
- Exploring the neuroprotective potential of ligustrazine: a preclinical meta-analysis and machine learning perspective on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Synergistic Neuroprotection of Artesunate and Tetramethylpyrazine in Ischemic Stroke, Mechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Preservation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Astragaloside IV protects brain cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ryanodine receptor expression and reducing the expression of P-Src and P-GRK2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Podophyllotoxin: Recent Advances in the Development of Hybridization Strategies to Enhance Its Antitumoral Profile.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Protective effect of ligustrazine on oxidative stress and apoptosis following testicular torsion in rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Ligustrazine Nanoparticle Hitchhiking on Neutrophils for Enhanced Therapy of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Role of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:a review of the mechanism.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunctions induce PANoptosis and ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: from pathology to therapeutic potential.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Dual Delivery of Tetramethylpyrazine and miR-194-5p Using Soft Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles for Acute Lung Injury Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Mechanism and Prospect of Gastrodin in Osteoporosis, Bone Regeneration, and Osseointegration.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Functional and binding studies of gallic acid showing platelet aggregation inhibitory effect as a thrombin inhibitor.Chinese herbal medicines · 2022Article
- The protective effect of Buzhong Yiqi decoction on ischemic stroke mice and the mechanism of gut microbiota.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- The mechanism of microglia-mediated immune inflammation in ischemic stroke and the role of natural botanical components in regulating microglia: A review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Ligustrazine induces viability, suppresses apoptosis and autophagy of retinal ganglion cells with ischemia/reperfusion injury through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- Icariin enhance mild hypothermia-induced neuroprotection via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB in experimental ischemic stroke.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ligustrazine (2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine) is a major active ingredient of the Szechwan lovage rhizome and is extensively used in treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The mechanism of action of ligustrazine use against ischemic cerebrovascular diseases remains unclear at present. This study summarizes its protective effect, the optimum time window of administration, and the most effective mode of administration for clinical treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. We examine the effects of ligustrazine on suppressing excitatory amino acid release, promoting migration, differentiation and proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells. We also looked at its effects on angiogenesis and how it inhibits thrombosis, the inflammatory response, and apoptosis after cerebral ischemia. We consider that ligustrazine gives noticeable protection from cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The time window of ligustrazine administration is limited. The protective effect and time window of a series of derivative monomers of ligustrazine such as 2-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)oxidoimino]methyl]-3,5,6-trimethylpyrazine, CXC137 and CXC195 after cerebral ischemia were better than ligustrazine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.