Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26109474›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental microbiology reports2015

Wild bird-associated Campylobacter jejuni isolates are a consistent source of human disease, in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Alison J Cody, Noel D McCarthy, James E Bray, Helen M L Wimalarathna, Frances M Colles, Melissa J Jansen van Rensburg, Kate E Dingle, Jonas Waldenström, Martin C J Maiden

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental microbiology reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans?Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. A systematic review of source attribution of human campylobacteriosis using multilocus sequence typing.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2019
    Pooled it
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  8. Source attribution of humanFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
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  11. Environmental dynamics ofMicrobial genomics · 2023
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  16. Frontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Review
  17. Characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Article
  18. Genomic Characterization ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
  19. Occurrence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Alison J CodyDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Noel D McCarthyDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
James E BrayDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Helen M L WimalarathnaDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Frances M CollesDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Melissa J Jansen van RensburgDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Kate E DingleNuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Jonas WaldenströmCentre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Martin C J MaidenDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

Department of HealthWellcome Trust 072782MAWellcome Trust 087622
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The contribution of wild birds as a source of human campylobacteriosis was investigated in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom (UK) over a 10 year period. The probable origin of human Campylobacter jejuni genotypes, as described by multilocus sequence typing, was estimated by comparison with reference populations of isolates from farm animals and five wild bird families, using the STRUCTURE algorithm. Wild bird-attributed isolates accounted for between 476 (2.1%) and 543 (3.5%) cases annually. This proportion did not vary significantly by study year (P = 0.934) but varied seasonally, with wild bird-attributed genotypes comprising a greater proportion of isolates during warmer compared with cooler months (P = 0.003). The highest proportion of wild bird-attributed illness occurred in August (P < 0.001), with a significantly lower proportion in November (P = 0.018). Among genotypes attributed to specific groups of wild birds, seasonality was most apparent for Turdidae-attributed isolates, which were absent during cooler, winter months. This study is consistent with some wild bird species representing a persistent source of campylobacteriosis, and contributing a distinctive seasonal pattern to disease burden. If Oxfordshire is representative of the UK as a whole in this respect, these data suggest that the national burden of wild bird-attributed isolates could be in the order of 10,000 annually.

Indexed as

AnimalsBirdsCampylobacter InfectionsCampylobacter jejuniGenotypeHumansMolecular EpidemiologyMultilocus Sequence TypingSeasonsUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID26109474
PMCPMC4755149

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.