ArticleJournal of hematology & oncology2015
High expression of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone grp94 is a novel molecular hallmark of malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma.
Article in Journal of hematology & oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Heat shock protein Gp96 (Grp94) in malaria: functional insights at the host-parasite interface and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Ginsenoside CK potentiates SIRT1 to alleviate lupus nephritis through compensating for XBP1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in plasma cells.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Article
- Review
- CK2α-mediated phosphorylation of GRP94 facilitates the metastatic cascade in triple-negative breast cancer.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic atlas throughout anti-BCMA CAR-T therapy in patients with multiple myeloma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The biology and inhibition of glucose-regulated protein 94/gp96.Medicinal research reviews · 2022Review
- Looking into Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: The Key to Drug-Resistance of Multiple Myeloma?Cancers · 2022Review
- The expression profile of calnexin inFish and shellfish immunology reports · 2021Article
- Comprehensive analysis reveals GRP94 is associated with worse prognosis of breast cancer.Translational cancer research · 2021Article
- Molecular Chaperone GRP94/GP96 in Cancers: Oncogenesis and Therapeutic Target.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Impact of HSP90Journal of healthcare engineering · 2021Article
- Co-downregulation of GRP78 and GRP94 Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Migration in Prostate Cancer Cells.Open life sciences · 2019Article
- GRP78 modulates cell adhesion markers in prostate Cancer and multiple myeloma cell lines.BMC cancer · 2018Article
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the development of multiple myeloma and drug resistance.Clinical & translational immunology · 2018Review
- Hsp90 inhibitors as senolytic drugs to extend healthy aging.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2018Review
- Master Autophagy Regulator Transcription Factor EB Regulates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Autophagy Impairment and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Emphysema Pathogenesis.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2017Article
- Clinical implications of c-maf expression in plasma cells from patients with multiple myeloma.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2017Article
- Article
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress in chondrodysplasias caused by mutations in collagen types II and X.Cell stress & chaperones · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy that is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) and overproduction of immunoglobulin or light chains with evidence of end-organ damage such as bone damage, anemia, hypercalcemia, and renal dysfunction. The pathogenesis of MM is closely linked to dysregulated unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Constitutive activation of UPR in mice, as demonstrated by transgenic expression of a master UPR transcription factor XBP1s (a UPR-specific splice variant of X-box binding protein 1), causes myeloma. grp94 (gp96) is a key downstream chaperone in the ER that mediates the UPR as a part of the protein quality control mechanism in the secretory pathway. Our recent study has shown that the persistence of plasma cells as well as the development of myeloma in XBP1s-transgenic mice is critically dependent on grp94. However, the role of grp94 in the initiation and progression of human MM is still unknown.
methodsThe expression level of grp94 in BMPCs was measured by flow cytometry, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. We compared the expression levels of grp94 in BMPCs in a spectrum of patients including MM, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering MM (SMM), as well as non-plasma cell disorders (NPC).
resultsWe found that grp94 was highly expressed in malignant plasma cells in patients with MM, but not in BMPCs in patients with MGUS/SMM and NPC. The expression level of grp94 correlated significantly with CD138 expression level. We also found that the grp94 expression level in BMPCs from International Staging System (ISS) stage III MM patients is higher than those in ISS stage I/II MM patients.
conclusionsgrp94 is highly expressed in BMPCs in MM, which correlates with the advanced stage of this disease. Our data demonstrated that grp94 is a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. It also positioned grp94 as a promising therapeutic target for MM.
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