ArticleKidney international2015
The risk of chronic kidney disease in a metabolically healthy obese population.
Article in Kidney international, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of kidney dysfunction in metabolically healthy/unhealthy population with normal weight or overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2024Pooled it
- Obesity as a predictive factor for chronic kidney disease in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2021Pooled it
- Metabolic phenotypes of obese, overweight, and normal weight individuals and risk of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of Obesity, Visceral Fat Accumulation, and Dyslipidemia with the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Association Between Oxidative-Inflammation Biomarkers and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in People with High Cardiovascular Risk: A Nested Case-Control Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Kidney consequences of obesity.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Relationship between bmi and glomerular filtration rate in a large cohort initiating a weight loss program: differential contributions of fat mass, fat-free mass, and abdominal fat compartments.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- The Role of miRNAs as Early Biomarkers in Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy: Implications for Early Detection and Treatment.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Renal Disease in Metabolic Syndrome: the Hidden Role of Intrarenal Ischemia.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Metabolic Risk Profile and Graft Function Deterioration 2 Years After Kidney Transplant.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Metabolic health status and renal disorders: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Skeptical Look at the Clinical Implication of Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood Obesity.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Effect of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Individual Components on Renal Function: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- The association between visceral adiposity index and decreased renal function: A population-based study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Metabolically Healthy Obesity: Epidemiology, Criteria, and Implications in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2022Review
- Association of Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Glomerular Filtration Rate among Male Steelworkers in North China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis, Murine Models, and Clinical Implications of Metabolically Healthy Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Metabolic obesity phenotypes and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study from the RaNCD cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2022Article
- Effects of Body Weight Change on Development of Chronic Kidney Disease in Obese Metabolic Phenotypes.Nephron · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obesity has become an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotype refers to obese individuals with a favorable metabolic profile. However, its prognostic value remains controversial and may depend on the health outcome being investigated. To assess this, we examined the risk of MHO phenotype with incident CKD in a Korean population of 41,194 people without CKD. Individuals were stratified by body mass index (cutoff value, 25.0 kg/m(2)) and metabolic health state (assessed using Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria). Incident CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate of <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Over the median follow-up period of 38.7 months, 356 of the individuals developed incident CKD. Compared with the metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO) group, the MHO group showed increased risk of incident CKD with a multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio of 1.38 (95% CI, 1.01-1.87). Nonobese but metabolically unhealthy individuals were at an increased risk of incident CKD (multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.37 (95% CI, 1.02-1.93)) than the MHNO group. Metabolically unhealthy obese individuals were at the highest risk of incident CKD. Thus, a healthy metabolic profile does not protect obese adults from incident CKD. Hence, it is important to consider metabolic health along with obesity when evaluating CKD risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.