ArticlePloS one2015
Joint effect of education and main lifetime occupation on late life health: a cross-sectional study of older adults in Xiamen, China.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of serving as a danwei leader before retirement on self-rated post-retirement health: empirical evidence from China.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Effects of Degree of Urbanization and Lifetime Longest-Held Occupation on Cognitive Impairment Prevalence in an Older Spanish Population.Frontiers in psychology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effects of education and occupation on health have been well documented individually, but little is known about their joint effect, especially their cumulative joint effect on late life health.
methodsWe enrolled 14,292 participants aged 60+ years by multistage sampling across 173 communities in Xiamen, China, in 2013. Heath status was assessed by the ability to perform six basic activities of daily life. Education was classified in four categories: 'Illiterate', 'Primary', 'Junior high school' and 'Senior high school and beyond'. Main lifetime occupation was also four categorized: 'Employed', 'Farmer', 'Jobless' and 'Others'. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by random-intercept multilevel models regressing health status on education and main lifetime occupation with or without their interactions, adjusting by some covariates.
resultsTotally, 13,880 participants had complete data, of whom 12.5% suffered from disability, and 'Illiterate' and 'Farmer' took up the greatest proportion (33.01% and 42.72%, respectively). Participants who were higher educated had better health status (ORs = 0.62, 0.46, and 0.44 for the 'Primary', 'Junior high school', and 'Senior high school and beyond', respectively, in comparison with 'Illiterate'). Those who were long term jobless in early life had poorest heath (ORs = 1.88, 95% CI 1.47 to 2.40). Unexpectedly, for the farmers, the risk of poor health gradually increased in relation to higher education level (ORs = 1.26, 1.28, 1.40 and 2.24, respectively). For the 'Employed', similar ORs were obtained for the 'Junior high school' and 'Senior high school and beyond' educated (both ORs = 1.01). For the 'Farmer' and 'Jobless', participants who were 'Illiterate' and 'Primary' educated also showed similar ORs.
conclusionsBoth education and main lifetime occupation were associated with late life health. Higher education was observed to be associated with better health, but such educational advantage was mediated by main lifetime occupation.
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