ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2016
Stress and Fear Extinction.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 231 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
231 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Remodeling of the Cortical Structural Connectome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From the ENIGMA-PGC Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Exercise on the Endocannabinoid System.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Pooled it
- Does trauma-focused psychotherapy change the brain? A systematic review of neural correlates of therapeutic gains in PTSD.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2021Pooled it
- Neural signatures of conditioning, extinction learning, and extinction recall in posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies.Psychological medicine · 2020Pooled it
- The medial temporal lobe in nociception: a meta-analytic and functional connectivity study.Pain · 2019Pooled it
- Glucocorticoids after birth trauma and the associated risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder: a non-randomized open-label pilot trial.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Trial
- Chronic Pre-Trauma Corticosterone Attenuates Trauma Memory Formation and Alters Gene Expression in Glucocorticoid Signalling Pathways.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2026Article
- Prelimbic cortex-associated stress sensitisation and region-specific mitochondrial adaptations across preclinical approaches relevant to PTSD and depression.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- PKCα-deficient mice show altered synaptic signaling and impaired fear extinction.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- From Biomarkers to New Treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Dopamine Response to Unexpected Aversive Outcomes Drives the Return of Extinguished Fear.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Oxytocin attenuates fear learning via enhancing somatostatin interneuron-mediated local GABAergic inhibition in the prelimbic cortex.Science advances · 2026Article
- Chemogenetic activation of the medial prefrontal cortex alleviates the impaired extinction of fear memory through the increase in the binding of EGR1 and TET1 in an animal model of PTSD.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Antidepressant-like effects of extinction learning as an animal model of behavioral therapy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol modulates spontaneous recovery through distinct and conserved transcriptomic signatures in mPFC subregions.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Predicting individual differences of fear and cognitive learning and extinction.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Psilocybin reshapes cortical inhibition through selective interneuron recruitment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Chronic stress enhances threat responding and impacts fear extinction.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Locus coeruleus-amygdala circuit disrupts prefrontal control to impair fear extinction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid dysregulation and PTSD in urban adolescents: Associations with anandamide concentrations and FAAH genotype.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Stress has a critical role in the development and expression of many psychiatric disorders, and is a defining feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Stress also limits the efficacy of behavioral therapies aimed at limiting pathological fear, such as exposure therapy. Here we examine emerging evidence that stress impairs recovery from trauma by impairing fear extinction, a form of learning thought to underlie the suppression of trauma-related fear memories. We describe the major structural and functional abnormalities in brain regions that are particularly vulnerable to stress, including the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus, which may underlie stress-induced impairments in extinction. We also discuss some of the stress-induced neurochemical and molecular alterations in these brain regions that are associated with extinction deficits, and the potential for targeting these changes to prevent or reverse impaired extinction. A better understanding of the neurobiological basis of stress effects on extinction promises to yield novel approaches to improving therapeutic outcomes for PTSD and other anxiety and trauma-related disorders.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.